Abstract: In the process of reclaiming the backfill in the steep slope, due to the high compressibility and gravity of the ordinary backfill, it has a great adverse effect on the stability of the steep slope. Taking the slope of a highway in Longgang of Shenzhen as an example, the Abaqus software was used to simulate the stress of steep slope subgrade and retaining wall, and the steep slope roadbed is divided into two parts:backfill light and ordinary backfill. The stability of the slope soil and the retaining wall, and the stress and strain and displacement of the wall are analyzed and compared. The simulation results show that the soils of the slope and the soil at the junction of the retaining wall and the soil are in the form of ordinary backfill, and the two soils are destroyed. In the backfill condition, the plastic strain zone does not penetrate the entire sliding surface. The maximum stress of the steep slope embankment retaining wall is 165kPa in the normal filling condition, the wall displacement is 100.3mm, the anti-sliding stability coefficient and the anti-overturning stability coefficient are 1.45 and 2.51. The maximum stress of the soil is 133kPa, the overall displacement is reduced by about 87mm, and the anti-sliding stability coefficient and anti-overturning stability coefficient are 1.64 and 3.01 respectively. According to the comparison and analysis of the simulation results in two kinds of working conditions, it is shown that the application of lightweight soil in steep slope subgrade backfill can improve the safety of the slope and reduce the pressure of the retaining structure obviously compared with the conventional filling, and it has a high engineering application value.