马正婧, 张中俭, 詹涛, 杨业, 徐嘉谟, 李丽慧, 李峨. 2019: 黑龙江五大连池喷气锥(碟)表壳裂隙成因研究. 工程地质学报, 27(2): 294-301. DOI: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2017-628
    引用本文: 马正婧, 张中俭, 詹涛, 杨业, 徐嘉谟, 李丽慧, 李峨. 2019: 黑龙江五大连池喷气锥(碟)表壳裂隙成因研究. 工程地质学报, 27(2): 294-301. DOI: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2017-628
    MA Zhengjing, ZHANG Zhongjian, ZHAN Tao, YANG Ye, XU Jiamo, LI Lihui, LI E. 2019: FORMATION OF SURFACE CRACK OF HORNITO AT WUDALIANCHI VOLCANO, HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE, CHINA. JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY, 27(2): 294-301. DOI: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2017-628
    Citation: MA Zhengjing, ZHANG Zhongjian, ZHAN Tao, YANG Ye, XU Jiamo, LI Lihui, LI E. 2019: FORMATION OF SURFACE CRACK OF HORNITO AT WUDALIANCHI VOLCANO, HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE, CHINA. JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY, 27(2): 294-301. DOI: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2017-628

    黑龙江五大连池喷气锥(碟)表壳裂隙成因研究

    FORMATION OF SURFACE CRACK OF HORNITO AT WUDALIANCHI VOLCANO, HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE, CHINA

    • 摘要: 喷气锥(碟)是五大连池世界地质公园内重点保护的熔岩地貌,它们是熔岩喷发冷却后形成的。目前,许多喷气锥(碟)表壳上分布有裂隙。这些裂隙造成了喷气锥(碟)的破坏。本文根据喷气锥(碟)的形成过程,分析了熔岩的温度变化。建立喷气锥(碟)的三维模型,通过数值计算得到熔岩降温后的温度应力分布。在此基础上,运用断裂力学理论分析喷气锥(碟)上裂隙的形态及分布特征。研究表明:熔岩喷发冷却形成喷气锥(碟)时会产生温度应力,并且最大主拉应力迹线呈环状分布。该温度应力作用下形成的裂隙具有竖直、相互平行、近似等距、由表及里等特征。故此认为喷气锥(碟)竖直状裂隙为熔岩冷却过程中产生的原生裂隙。本文还分析了喷气锥(碟)上裂隙尖端钝化现象以及裂隙密度差异现象的原因。

       

      Abstract: Hornito, formed by cooled lava, is a key protection of lava landform in active Wudalianchi volcano geopark. At present, a lot of cracks are developed on the surfaces of hornitos and are responsible to hornito damage. Based on forming process of hornitos, the paper analyzes temperature changes of lava during cooling. A 3D model of a hornito is established and the thermal stress distribution is calculated through numerical simulation. On this basis, this paper uses fracture mechanics to analyse crack morphology and distribution of the hornito. The study shows that thermal stress is generated in hornito during lava cooling. The maximum principal stress trace presents circumferential distribution. Moreover, the cracks are vertical and parallel. Adjacent cracks have approximate equidistance. Besides, the width of some cracks on the outer side is larger. Crack tips are sharp or blunt. The density of crack distribution is different. The vertical cracks observed at the scene conform to these characteristics. According to this, this paper points out that vertical cracks are the primary cracks produced during the forming process of hornito.

       

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