Abstract: The Kenya Rift Valley, located in the East African Rift, has become a hotspot for geoscientific research due to its unique surface geoengineering. After heavy rainfall in 2018, a large number of ground fissures were exposed in the Kenya Rift Valley, posing a serious threat to local infrastructure development. In order to identify the activity characteristics and formation causes of ground fissures in Kenya, field surveys, engineering geological mapping, geophysical exploration, particle analysis, and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)were employed to investigate the geological and tectonic background of the ground fissure region, the activity characteristics of ground fissures, and the nature of rock and soil in the ground fissure development area, as well as to explore the formation process and multi-causal coupling mechanism of ground fissures in Kenya. The main conclusions are that Kenya's ground fissures are mainly developed in the volcanic uplift area and the plain area of the Kenya Rift Valley, and 83 ground fissures were identified in the study, with different extension lengths and rupture forms. The activities of the ground fissures are characterized by horizontal tensile movement, and some of them are characterized by obvious vertical dislocation. A number of small alluvial gullies can be seen in the sidewalls of the ground fissures. The fault activities and volcanism of the Kenya Rift Valley have provided a tectonic foundation for the ground fissures, and the ground fissures can be formed under the condition of loose surface sediments. Under conditions of loose surface sediments, frequent heavy rainfall further exacerbated surface erosion and induced surface outcrops of the ground fissure. The results of this paper not only provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of geological hazards of ground fissures in Kenya but also provide ideas and directions for the study of ground fissures in other volcanic areas of the world.