Abstract: Dike safety in flood season is related to people's lives and property safety and social stability. Therefore, the improvement of the emergency monitoring level of dikes in flood season is an inevitable way to ensure dike safety and mitigate flood disasters. This paper reviewed the present methods for dike monitoring. On the basis of authors' theoretical research, technology development, and application practice experience on distributed fiber optic sensing technology(DFOS)in geological and geotechnical engineering for more than twenty years, this paper sorted out the dike emergency monitoring content in flood season using DFOS. The monitoring principles and the latest developments in dike monitoring using DFOS were introduced. Particularly, here we proposed an emergency sensing system for dikes in flood season using 3Ds-based DFOS. The monitoring methods on dike water level, seepage, erosion, and deformation with DFOS were illustrated and highlighted. Finally, aiming to provide new monitoring methods for dike emergency prevention and control in flood season, the direction and goal of further research and development in the establishment of dike fiber-optic sensing system were also discussed.