Abstract: Quantitative characterization of complex media and engineering parameters at specialized soil sites is essential for in-situ geological testing. The resistivity testing technology, known for its speed, non-destructive nature, precision, and cost-effectiveness, is the preferred method for low-frequency electrical testing. This paper reviews the application of resistivity testing technology in special soil environments characterized by complex conductive media(such as contaminated soil, saline soil, and frozen soil) and high clay content(including expansive soil, soft soil, and loess). It systematically summarizes advancements in research concerning the comprehensive application and evaluation systems of related testing methods. Furthermore, it discusses coupling evaluation methods along with their prospects alongside existing in-situ testing techniques within low-frequency resistivity testing technology. The analysis indicates that resistivity testing has yielded favorable outcomes in investigating and evaluating special soil sites while demonstrating significant potential, particularly regarding regional classification and monitoring physical properties. However, further exploration and validation are required to enhance its engineering applications specifically within expansive soils and contaminated site contexts. Additionally, there is a need to strengthen research on quantitative evaluation mechanisms applicable to loess, soft soils, and frozen soils. Moreover, deeper investigation into interpreting site resistivity parameters while mitigating influencing factors is necessary. It is imperative to pursue research on integrated testing methodologies that combine electrical assessments with in-situ evaluations to improve our capacity for interpreting and assessing the engineering characteristics of these sites. The anticipated results will provide a developmental framework for investigating and evaluating special soil locations across China while advancing the nation's technical proficiency in both resistivity measurements as well as in-situ assessments of specialized soils.