基于SBAS-InSAR二维分解的乐纪滑坡变形特征与影响因素分析

    THE DEFORMATION CHARACTERISTICS AND INFLUENCING FACTORS OF LEJI LANDSLIDES BASED ON SBAS-INSAR 2D DECOMPOSITION ANALYSIS

    • 摘要: 我国西南地区地势高陡,采矿活动频繁,区域内灾难性地质灾害事件频发。因此,对灾害体变形特征进行定量识别并对影响因素进行定性分析,对灾害防治工作具有重要意义。本文以乐纪镇某矿区内发育的两处正在发生缓慢变形的斜坡为研究对象,基于野外调查与无人机摄影测量,运用SBAS-InSAR技术及二维位移分解模型方法,揭示了滑坡的二维位移特征,并确定滑坡的沉降盆地、边界角等关键矿山开采沉陷参数。进一步结合地质条件、时间序列二维位移、降雨及采矿信息,探讨滑坡的主要影响因素,阐明其变形机制。结果表明:(1)滑坡主要表现为上部第四系残积土发生滑动,以垂直滑坡坡向方向的变形为主,最大年均变形速率在- 80~- 60 mm ·a-1之间。(2)人类采矿活动扰动是导致滑坡发生的主要原因。地下采矿产生的沉陷盆地范围约508 m,倾向上山边界角和下山边界角分别为77°和50°,滑坡破坏模式为沉降-弯曲-拉裂。(3)断层和褶皱、陡倾岩层、相对高差大分别为滑坡发育提供了良好的应力、岩性和自然空间条件;降雨对滑坡的变形影响具有时间滞后性,是滑坡发生的间接原因。

       

      Abstract: This study investigated two slow-moving slopes in a mining area of Leji Town. Field surveys and UAV photogrammetry were combined with SBAS-InSAR technology and a two-dimensional displacement decomposition model to analyze landslide displacement characteristics. The key parameters of mining-induced subsidence were determined, including the subsidence basin and boundary angles. Geological conditions, time-series displacements, rainfall data, and mining records were further examined to identify controlling factors and deformation mechanisms. The results indicate that the landslides primarily involve Quaternary residual soil sliding, dominated by deformation perpendicular to the slope direction, with maximum annual displacement rates of -80 to - 60 mm·a-1. Mining disturbance is the primary triggering factor. Underground mining generated a subsidence basin approximately 508 m in diameter, with up-dip and down-dip boundary angles of 77°and 50°, respectively. The failure mechanism follows a subsidence-bending-tensile cracking pattern. Faults, folds, steep bedding, and high topographic relief provide favorable stress, lithological, and spatial conditions for slope instability. Rainfall exerts a delayed influence on deformation and acts as an indirect contributing factor.

       

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