冰川泥石流研究进展概述

    AN OVERVIEW ON RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT OF GLACIER-RELATED DEBRIS FLOW

    • 摘要: 冰川泥石流是冰川退化的结果。在全球气候变暖的大背景下,冰川不断退化,消融加剧,冰舌后退引发径流量增大,冰湖面积扩大,加之冰川退化,冰崩雪崩所带来的丰富的冰碛物、寒冻作用产生的岩屑和沟谷及两岸丰富的松散固体物质,在自身陡峻的地形作用下,容易发生大规模的冰川泥石流。在全球变暖的大背景下,冰川泥石流的爆发越发频繁,其爆发时能量巨大,来势凶猛,破坏力强,难以预报,所到之处,如摧枯拉朽一般横扫一切,造成了严重的人员财产损失,这引起了山地冰川国家的广泛关注。在这种背景下,研究冰川泥石流的形成机理和活动规律,进行适当的防护措施,对减少人员伤亡、经济损失具有重要的意义。本文主要对国内外冰川泥石流的研究进展进行追索,探求冰川泥石流的时空分布,揭示冰川泥石流的演化过程,并对未来的研究做了展望。

       

      Abstract: Glacier-related debris flow is the result of recession of glacier. With the recession of glacier, snow line rise, glacial ablation is intensified which increase the runoff, expand the glacier lake and thaw the frozen soil. Then under the influence of the steep terrain, with the abundant moraine came from glacier and loose material distributed along the river, it is easy to cause large-scale glacier-related debris flow. Modern glacier debris flow is mainly distributed in the high mountain which glacier retreat. Its distribution density influenced by the hydrothermal conditions physical properties and the type of glacier. Under the background of global warming, glacier-related debris flow break out more frequently. Glacier-related debris flow have always been ferocious and destructive. It break out suddenly on a horrific scale without any bodement and cause great damage to local people's life and property which aroused considerable public concern. So it is meaningful to figure out the evolution process and activity discipline of the glacier-related debris flow, to do some research upon precautionary measure, in order to reduce casualties and economic losses. This paper review the development in glacier-related debris flow research explore its time and space distribution reveal its evolution and and look forward prospective direction of the research.

       

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