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USE OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE FOR PRECISE INVESTIGATION OF GEOLOGICAL HAZARD IN STRONG SEISMIC ZONE
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摘要: 为对强震区地质灾害进行精细调查，基于无人机低空摄影测量系统能够获取高精度、高分辨率和高时效的遥感影像且具有灵活性强和不受复杂地形影响等特点。本文将无人机低空摄影测量系统应用到强震区地质灾害精细调查，探讨了强震区地质灾害无人机遥感精细调查流程及成果应用。以老虎嘴滑坡所在区域的应用为例，阐述了无人机遥感像片的获取和DEM、DOM及三维真实空间场景的制作方法，重点介绍了利用三维真实场景对地质灾害进行定性及定量分析及精确描述。实践结果表明：（1）同常规的遥感调查方法相比，该方法不仅能够获取更高分辨率和更高精度的地质灾害精细调查基础数据，而且还提高了其时效性及可靠性；（2）构建的地质灾害体三维真实空间场景突破了传统的二维地质灾害解译技术，提高了地质灾害解译的精度及准确度。本文较完整地阐述了无人机低空摄影测量系统在强震区地质灾害精细调查的流程及方法，可以较好地应用于强震区地质灾害精细调查。Abstract: This paper aims to investigate geological hazard precisely in strong seismic zone. It uses unmanned aerial vehicle based low-altitude photographic system. The system can obtain high-precision, high-resolution and high-altitude remote sensing image, and has the advantage of flexibility and freedom from complex topography. This paper applies the system to the precise investigation of geological hazard, the precise investigation procedure of geological hazard in strong seismic zone. The application of results are discussed. The paper takes the application in the Laohuzui landslide zone as an example. It describes the remote sensing image extraction and the method of DEM,DOM and three-dimensional real space scene. It focuses on introducing the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the geological hazard and the precise description. The practice results show that:(1) compared with the conventional remote sensing investigation method, this method not only obtains higher-resolution and higher-precision basic data for the precise investigation of the geological hazard, but also improves its efficacy and reliability; (2) three-dimensional real space scene of the geological hazard breaks through the traditional two-dimensional interpretation method, improves the precision and accuracy of the geological hazard. The system can be applied to the precise investigation of geological hazard in strong seismic zone.
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图 3 无人机低空摄影测量系统的强震区地质灾害精细调查流程图
Figure 3. The flowchart of the precise investigation of geological hazard in stong earthquake zone based on unmanned aerial vehicle low-altitude photographic system
表 1 无人机相关参数
Table 1. Parameters of unmanned aerial vehicle
项目 参数 项目 参数 轴数 六轴 飞行半径 15km 轴距 0.81m 平飞速度 30km·h-1 空机重 4kg 巡航速度 30km·h-1 实际有效载荷 2kg 续航时间 30min 飞行高度 1000m 搭载相机 Cannon 5DII 
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