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FORMATION MECHANISM, DEPOSITS AND MOTION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TYPICAL LOESS LANDSLIDE IN SOUTH JINGYANG PLATFORM
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摘要: 持续的引水灌溉导致陕西泾阳南塬黄土滑坡频繁发生，2015年5月26日庙店村附近发生一起黄土滑坡，冲毁农田数亩。本文以"5·26"滑坡作为典型的案例，通过详细的野外调查、测量、勘探等工作，分析了其诱发因素、运动过程、堆积特征。结果表明：（1）滑坡滑动距离278 m，后壁宽222 m，滑后后壁高差40 m，主滑方向45°；（2）滑坡呈现滑动多级次特点，前后滑动4次，滑体堆积面积约为6.2×104 m2，堆积体总体积约50×104 m3，堆积体平均堆积厚度约10 m；（3）滑坡的主要激发因子为持续灌溉，但是地表显式裂缝和土体深部裂隙在地表径流优势入渗中发挥了重要作用，导致地下水位持续抬升。而且滑坡区的节理控制了滑坡的后壁宽度和滑动方向。最后基于泾阳南塬滑坡发生的频率和降雨有着一定关联性，探讨了降雨对本次滑坡事件的影响和滑坡再次发生的可能性。Abstract: Loess landslides occurred frequently due to continued diversion irrigation in South Jingyang Platform, Shanxi Province. A loess landslide occurred near Miaodian Village on May 26, 2015, which destroyed several acres of farmland. In this paper, we regarded "5.26" landslide as a typical case study. Through detailed field investigation, mapping, investigation and so on, analysing its triggering factors, motion and accumulation characteristics. The results showed that:(1)The sliding distance was 278 m, the width of scarp is 222 m with a difference of 40 m in elevation, and the main sliding direction is 45°. (2)The landslide belongs to the phased landslide, which had been sliding for four times. The area of deposits is about 6.2×104 m2 and the total volume is about 50×104 m3. The average deposit thickness is about 10 m. (3)The main triggering factor of the landslide is continued irrigation, but the surface visible cracks and deep cracks plays an important role in the advantage infiltration, which leads to the continuous uplift of the groundwater level. And the width and sliding direction of the landslide are controlled by the joints of the edge scarp. Finally, based on the certain relevance between the frequency of the landslide and rainfall, the influence of rainfall on the landslide event and the possibility of landslide recurrence are discussed.
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图 7 2000~2015年月均降雨与滑坡的关系
Figure 7. The relationship between monthly rainfall and landslide during 2000~2015
图 8 “5.26”滑坡滑前15 d降雨(5/11~5/26)
Figure 8. Antecedent rainfall for 15 days before the "5.26" landslide (5/11~5/26)
图 10 裂缝变化速率与灌溉、降雨的关系
Figure 10. The relationship between the rate of change of cracks and irrigation, rainfall
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