金沙江“10·11”白格特大型滑坡形成机制及发展趋势初步分析

冯文凯 张国强 白慧林 周玉龙 许强 郑光

冯文凯, 张国强, 白慧林, 周玉龙, 许强, 郑光. 2019: 金沙江“10·11”白格特大型滑坡形成机制及发展趋势初步分析. 工程地质学报, 27(2): 415-425. doi: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2018-392
引用本文: 冯文凯, 张国强, 白慧林, 周玉龙, 许强, 郑光. 2019: 金沙江“10·11”白格特大型滑坡形成机制及发展趋势初步分析. 工程地质学报, 27(2): 415-425. doi: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2018-392
FENG Wenkai, ZHANG Guoqiang, BAI Huilin, ZHOU Yulong, XU Qiang, ZHENG Guang. 2019: A PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF THE FORMATION MECHANISM AND DEVELOPMENT TENDENCY OF THE HUGE BAIGE LANDSLIDE IN JINSHA RIVER ON OCTOBER 11, 2018. JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY, 27(2): 415-425. doi: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2018-392
Citation: FENG Wenkai, ZHANG Guoqiang, BAI Huilin, ZHOU Yulong, XU Qiang, ZHENG Guang. 2019: A PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF THE FORMATION MECHANISM AND DEVELOPMENT TENDENCY OF THE HUGE BAIGE LANDSLIDE IN JINSHA RIVER ON OCTOBER 11, 2018. JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY, 27(2): 415-425. doi: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2018-392

金沙江“10·11”白格特大型滑坡形成机制及发展趋势初步分析

doi: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2018-392
基金项目: 

地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室团队项目 SKLGP2016Z001

国家自然科学基金 41572291

四川省青年科技创新研究团队专项计划项目 2017TD0018

详细信息
    作者简介:

    冯文凯(1974-), 男, 博士, 教授, 博士生导师, 主要从事区域稳定及与岩体稳定以及地质灾害评价与防治方面的教学与研究工作.Email:fwkhyl@163.com

  • 中图分类号: P642.22

A PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF THE FORMATION MECHANISM AND DEVELOPMENT TENDENCY OF THE HUGE BAIGE LANDSLIDE IN JINSHA RIVER ON OCTOBER 11, 2018

Funds: 

the Team Project of Independent Research of SKLGP SKLGP2016Z001

the National Natural Science Foundation of China 41572291

the Sichuan Provincial Youth Science and Technology Innovation Team Special Projects of China 2017TD0018

  • 摘要: 2018年10月11日,西藏昌都市江达县波罗乡白格村发生大规模滑坡,约有3165×104 m3的山体高速冲入金沙江形成堰塞坝,13日9时堰塞坝体被自然泄流冲开,堰塞湖威胁解除。11月3日,在时隔短短23 d后,该滑坡后缘约215×104 m3高位滑体再次发生滑动破坏,高速运动的滑体沿途铲刮坡体并冲入金沙江,再次形成堰塞坝。现场调查研究得出白格滑坡主要是受其后缘逆冲分支断层f2(不整合接触面)控制,并在长期重力卸荷、降雨和地下水的反复浸润作用影响下,最终整体失稳破坏。通过对滑坡演化过程分析得出,其变形破坏过程可分为5个阶段,即:后缘蠕滑和沉降下错阶段(Ⅰ)、坡体裂缝发展、贯通阶段(Ⅱ)、整体启动"锁固端"剪断阶段(Ⅲ)、高速凌空滑跃阶段(Ⅳ)、碰撞、破碎、堆积成坝阶段(Ⅴ)。一期变形破坏机制模式可归结为蠕滑-下错-剪断-滑跃式,破坏方式表现为推移式,后期临空条件较好,破坏将以牵引式为主。在此基础上,结合残留强变形区块(K1、K2、K3)及其周边影响区形貌特征和变形迹象,对其变形破坏特征和发展趋势进行了预测分析,认为后期强变形区总体将以渐进解体方式破坏为主。
  • 图  1  滑坡区构造纲要图

    Figure  1.  The structure outline map of landslide-hit areas

    图  2  滑坡区工程地质平面图

    Figure  2.  The geological plan of projects in landslide-hit areas

    图  3  原始斜坡结构剖面图(剖面1-1′)

    Figure  3.  The structure profile of the original slope(profile: 1-1′)

    图  4  2016~2018年滑坡附近县降雨量特征

    Figure  4.  The feature of rainfall in counties near landslide-hit areas from 2016 to 2018

    图  5  第1时段、第2时段滑坡整体特征

    Figure  5.  The overall feature of the landslide in the first and second period

    图  6  第3、4、5时段滑坡整体特征

    Figure  6.  The overall feature of the landslide in the third-fourth-fifth period

    图  7  滑坡强变形区特征

    Figure  7.  The feature of highly deformed landslide-hit areas

    图  8  滑坡变形演化过程模式图

    a.原始斜坡结构;b.后缘沉降下错阶段;c.坡体裂缝发展、贯通阶段;d.整体启动、锁固段剪断;e.高速临空滑跃阶段;f.碰撞、破碎、堆积成坝阶段

    Figure  8.  The mode pattern of evolution process of the landslide deformation

    图  9  滑坡强变形区边坡雷达观察点布置图

    Figure  9.  Layout chart of slope radar in strong deformed area of landslide

    图  10  K1强变形区位移监测情况

    Figure  10.  Monitoring of displacement in K1 deformation zone

    图  11  K2强变形区位移监测情况

    Figure  11.  Monitoring of displacement in K2 deformation zone

    图  12  K3强变形区位移监测情况

    Figure  12.  Monitoring of displacement in K3 deformation zone

  • Caine J S, Evans J P, Forster C B. 1996. Fault Zone Architecture and Permeability Structure[J]. Geology, 24(11):1025-1028. doi: 10.1130/0091-7613(1996)024<1025:FZAAPS>2.3.CO;2
    Feng W K, Hu Y P, Xie J Z, et al. 2016. Disaster mechanism and stability analysis of shattered bedding slopes triggered by rainfall-A case study of Sanxicun landslide[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 35(11):2197-2207. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=yslxygcxb201611004
    Gehle C, Kutter H K. 2003. Breakage and shear behavior of intermittent rock joints[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Sciences, 40(5):687-700. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=CC026531435
    He S M, Bai X Q, Ouyang C J, et al. 2017. On the survey of giant landslide at Xinmo village of Diexin town, Maoxian County, Sichuan Province, China[J]. Mountain Research, 35(4):598-603.
    Huang N E, Shen Z, Long S R, et al. 1998. The empirical mode decomposition and the Hilbert spectrum for nonlinear and non-stationary time series analysis[J]. Proceedings A, 454 (1971):903-995.
    Huang X, Yang W M, Zhang C S, et al. 2013. The formation mechanism of Suoertou landslide in Pingding-Huama fault zone, Southern Gansu[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 32 (12):1936-1942. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=zgqydz201312007
    Melons H J. 1996. Dynamical weakening of faults by acoustic fluidization[J]. Nature, 379 (6566):601-606. doi: 10.1038/379601a0
    Xiao S R, Liu D F, Hu Z Y. 2010. Engineering geologic study of three actual dip bedding rock slides associated with reservoirs in the world[J]. Joumal of Engineering Geolpgy, 18(1):52-59.
    Xiao Y J, Yin K L. 2010. Analysis of rockmass' stability at Baitupo slope in Badong new town, Hubei Province[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control, 21(4):44-47. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=zgdzzhyfzxb201004008
    Xu Q, Li W L, Dong X J, et al. 2017. The Xinmocun landslide on June 24, 2017 in Maoxian, Sichuan:Characteristics and failure mechanism[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 36(11):2612-2628.
    Xu Q, Tang M G, Xu K Y, et al. 2008. Research on space-time evolution laws and early warning-prediction of landslides[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 27(6):1104-1112. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=yslxygcxb200806003
    Xu Q, Zeng G, Li W L, et al. 2018. Study on successive landslide damming events of Jinsha River in Baige Village on Octorber 11 and November 3, 2018[J]. Joumal of Engineering Geology, 26(6):1534-1551.
    Xu Y Q, Yin Z Q, Sa L P. 2016. Developing characteristics and evolution process of Ganjiazhai large scale landslide in Ludian 8.03 earthquake area of northeast Yunnan[J]. Joumal of Engineering Geolpgy, 24(4):550-558.
    Xu Z M, Liu W L, Huang R Q. 2011. Engineering geological characteristics of Zhaizicun giant ancient landslide along Jinsha River and its occurrence mechanisms[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Enginneering, 30 (S2):3539-3550.
    Zhang L J, Wu G H, He S, et al. 2016. Structural diagenesis in carbonate fault damage zone:A case study of the No.1 fault zone in the Tarim Basin[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 32(3):922-934. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/ysxb98201603023
    冯文凯, 胡云鹏, 谢吉尊, 等. 2016.顺层震裂斜坡降雨触发灾变机制及稳定性分析——以三溪村滑坡为例[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 35(11):2197-2207. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=yslxygcxb201611004
    何思明, 白秀强, 欧阳朝军, 等. 2017.四川省茂县叠溪镇新磨村特大滑坡应急科学调查[J].山地学报, 35(4):598-603. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/sdxb201704020
    黄晓, 杨为民, 张春山, 等. 2013.甘肃南部坪定-化马断裂带锁儿头滑坡成因机制[J].地质通报, 32(12):1936-1942. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/zgqydz201312007
    肖诗荣, 刘德富, 胡志宇. 2010.世界三大典型水库型顺层岩质滑坡工程地质比较研究[J].工程地质学报, 18(1):52-59. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9665.2010.01.007
    肖拥军, 殷坤龙. 2010.湖北省巴东新城白土坡斜坡岩体稳定性分析[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报, 21(4):44-47. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-8035.2010.04.008
    徐永强, 殷志强, 撒兰鹏. 2016.鲁甸8.03地震区甘家寨特大型滑坡发育特征及演化过程研究[J].工程地质学报, 24(4):550-558. http://www.gcdz.org/CN/abstract/abstract12004.shtml
    徐则民, 刘文连, 黄润秋. 2011.金沙江寨子村巨型古滑坡的工程地质特征及其发生机制[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 30 (S2):3539-3550. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YSLX2011S2025.htm
    许强, 李为乐, 董秀军, 等. 2017.四川茂县叠溪镇新磨村滑坡特征与成因机制初步研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 36(11):2612-2628. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=yslxygcxb201711002
    许强, 汤明高, 徐开洋, 等. 2008.滑坡时空演化规律及预警预报研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 27(6):1104-1112. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2008.06.003
    许强, 郑光, 李为乐, 等. 2018年10月和11月金沙江白格两次滑坡-堰塞堵江事件分析研究[J].工程地质学报, 26(6): 1534-1551.
    张丽娟, 邬光辉, 何曙, 等. 2016.碳酸盐岩断层破碎带构造成岩作用——以塔中Ⅰ号断裂带为例[J].岩石学报, 32 (3):922-934. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=ysxb98201603023
  • 加载中
图(12)
计量
  • 文章访问数:  2767
  • HTML全文浏览量:  651
  • PDF下载量:  257
  • 被引次数: 0
出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2018-11-29
  • 修回日期:  2019-01-23
  • 刊出日期:  2019-04-25

目录

    /

    返回文章
    返回