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PRELIMINARY DISCUSSION OF THE FREQUENTLY DEBRIS FLOW EVENTS IN SEDONGPU BASIN AT GYALAPERI PEAK, YARLUNG ZANGBO RIVER
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摘要: 以Landsat等中高分辨率多源遥感影像为基础，对色东普流域近40 a来冰川的分布和变化情况进行研究，梳理分析了2014年以来色东普流域内发生的8次碎屑流堵塞雅鲁藏布江事件，并结合雷达数据以及气象资料探讨该流域内频繁发生碎屑流事件的原因。分析结果表明：色东普流域内"陡-缓-较陡"的阶梯状地形为碎屑流频繁发生提供了地形基础，沟口河道的半堵塞状态、冰川后缘的大量裂隙、林芝地震和充沛的降雨量等多种因素共同作用导致色东普流域内碎屑流事件频发。依据研究结果预计未来较长时间内色东普流域仍会发生多次冰崩碎屑流事件，建议在雅鲁藏布江大峡谷区域内建立长期灾害监测预警体系，为色东普沟冰崩碎屑流灾害的应急工作提供有效支撑。Abstract: We used Landsat and other high-moderate space resolution images to analysis the glacial retreat in the recent 40 years of Sedongpu Basin, and combed the eight times debris flow blocking Yarlung Zangbo river incidents of Sedongpu Basin after 2014. Combined with the radar and meteorological data, we analyzed the reasons of frequent collapse disasters occurred in the basin. Then we found the following factors. First, the "steep-gentle-relative steep" ladder terrain is the foundation of the frequent occurrence of the debris flows in Sedongpu Basin. Second, the debris flow always block the channel at a large extent. Third, there are lots of crevasses in the glacier trailing edge. Fourth, earthquake and abundant rainfalls also lead to the frequent debris flow of Sedongpu Basin. Combined the above factors, we speculate the glacier avalanche induced debris flow(GAIDF) of Sedongpu Basin will happen frequently for a long time with typical periodicity. So, we suggested to establish a long-time monitoring and warning system for the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon in order to provide effective support to the emergency work of Sedongpu Basin glacier debrisflow.
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Key words:
- Sedongpu Basin /
- Glacier avalanche /
- Block the river /
- Debris flow
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图 3 不同年份色东普流域冰川面积示意图
Figure 3. The schematic diagram of graciers' area in Sedongpu basin in different years
图 4 色东普沟2014年堵江前后遥感影像对比(Landsat 8)
Figure 4. The comparison of remote-sensing images before and after blocking the river in Sedongpu
图 5 色东普沟未发生冰崩时遥感影像图(2016年9月10日)
Figure 5. The remote-sensing image of Sedongpu before the glacier avalanche(September 10, 2016)
图 6 色东普沟第一次发生冰崩后遥感影像图(2017年11月3日)
Figure 6. The remote-sensing image of Sedongpu after the first glacier avalanche(November 3, 2017)
图 7 2017年10月27日色东普沟口遥感影像图
Figure 7. The remote-sensing image of Sedongpu on October 27, 2017
图 8 2017年11月3日色东普沟口遥感影像图
Figure 8. The remote-sensing image of Sedongpu on November 3, 2017
图 9 色东普沟再次发生冰崩后遥感影像图(2018年1月22日)
Figure 9. The remote-sensing image of Sedongpu basin after glacier avalanche again(January 22, 2018)
图 10 2018年7月24日色东普沟遥感影像图
Figure 10. The remote-sensing image of Sedongpu on July 24, 2018
图 11 2018年7月26日色东普沟遥感影像图
Figure 11. The remote-sensing image of Sedongpu on July 26, 2018
图 12 2018年9月26日色东普沟哨兵1号遥感影像图
Figure 12. The Remote-sensing Image of Sentinel-1 in Sedongpu on September 26, 2018
图 13 2018年10月22日色东普沟哨兵1号遥感影像图
Figure 13. The remote-sensing image of sentinel-1 in Sedongpu on October 22, 2018
图 14 色东普沟2018年10月17日冰崩灾害前后遥感影像对比(planet)
Figure 14. The comparison of remote-sensing images before and after the glacier avalanche on October 17, 2018(planet)
图 15 色东普沟2018年10月29日堵江前后遥感影像对比(Planet)
Figure 15. The comparison of remote-sensing images before and after the glacier avalanche on October 29, 2018(Planet)
图 18 色东普流域2018年10月12~18日降水量变化趋势
Figure 18. The tendency of precipitation variation in Sedongpu basin from October 12 to 18, 2018
表 1 不同年份色东普沟各条冰川面积汇总
Table 1. The summary of glaciers ion in Sedongpu basin
冰川编号 1977面积/km2 1987面积/km2 1999面积/km2 2011面积/km2 2018面积/km2 SDP-1号 10.86 7.86 6.26 6.07 6.03 SDP-2号 10.52 8.30 4.69 4.64 4.69 SDP-3号 2.05 2.01 1.77 1.71 1.64 SDP-4号 1.55 1.55 1.55 SDP-5号 1.33 1.33 1.13 1.13 1.13 SDP-6号 0.73 0.73 0.73 SDP-7号 9.71 2.88 0.73 0.73 0.73 SDP-8号 0.58 0.58 0.72 SDP-9号 0.42 0.42 0.42 SDP-10号 0.41 0.41 0.41 SDP-11号 0.38 0.38 0.38 SDP-12号 0.60 0.54 0.37 
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