白洁, 巨能攀, 张成强, 等. 2020.贵州兴义滑坡特征及过程预警研究[J].工程地质学报, 28(6): 1279-1291. doi: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2019-360.
    引用本文: 白洁, 巨能攀, 张成强, 等. 2020.贵州兴义滑坡特征及过程预警研究[J].工程地质学报, 28(6): 1279-1291. doi: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2019-360.
    Bai Jie, Ju Nengpan, Zhang Chengqiang, et al. 2020. Characteristics and successful early warning case of Xingyi landslide in Guizhou province[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology, 28(6): 1279-1291. doi: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2019-360.
    Citation: Bai Jie, Ju Nengpan, Zhang Chengqiang, et al. 2020. Characteristics and successful early warning case of Xingyi landslide in Guizhou province[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology, 28(6): 1279-1291. doi: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2019-360.

    贵州兴义滑坡特征及过程预警研究

    CHARACTERISTICS AND SUCCESSFUL EARLY WARNING CASE OF XINGYI LANDSLIDE IN GUIZHOU PROVINCE

    • 摘要: 由于滑坡岩土体结构的复杂性和破坏机制的多样性,滑坡预警一直以来都是全球性难题,极具挑战性。本文论述了贵州省兴义滑坡特征及其成功预警,并分析了滑坡成功预警的关键因素。在对滑坡现场进行地质调查的基础上,综合应用卫星遥感、无人机航拍、LiDAR、地表位移监测等技术手段,初步分析结果认为,兴义滑坡属于典型的含软弱夹层的顺层岩质滑坡,滑源区坡体为2014年首次滑动后形成的不稳定斜坡,在不利的坡体结构加之与软弱夹层组合的地质条件下,受到长期重力及地下水作用,最终演变成滑坡地质灾害。兴义滑坡至2014年第一次滑动后,后缘山体对前缘公路和居民就产生了威胁,2019年2月17日凌晨5时53分,贵州省兴义市马岭镇龙井村兴-马大道旁约96×104 m3的山体再次发生顺层滑动。在滑坡发生前,研究人员就在滑坡体上安装了全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)和自适应性裂缝计两种位移监测传感器,对滑坡变形进行持续监控。现场监测数据实时传输到研究人员自主研发的“地质灾害监测预警系统”中,系统通过多种阈值综合预警模型自动计算监测数据并发布预警结果,在滑坡进入临滑阶段后,系统提前53 min发出了红色预警,完全避免了人员和经济损失。该滑坡的成功预警体现了自主研发的地质灾害监测预警系统、预警模型、监测仪器三者的适用性,可为今后类似滑坡的监测预警研究及应用提供借鉴。

       

      Abstract: Due to the complex structure of rock and soil mass and various failure mechanisms,landslide early warning has always been a global problem of very challenging. At 5:53 a.m. on 17 February 2019 in Longjing Village,Maling Town,Xingyi City,Guizhou Province,a landslide geological disaster occurred. About 960,000 cubic meters of mountain had a bedding sliding,which posed a serious threat to the road and residential area located at the foot of the front slope. In this paper,we discuss the characteristics and successful early warning process of this Xingyi landslide in Guizhou Province,and analyze the key factors of successful early warning. On the basis of geological investigations on the landslide site,this paper comprehensively use satellite remote sensing,UAV aerial photography,lidar,surface displacement monitoring and other technical means to reveal the historical deformation and pre-sliding deformation characteristics of the landslide. Finally,we analyze the mechanism of the landslide. After preliminary analysis,we conclude that Xingyi landslide belongs to a typical bedding rock landslide with weak intercalation. The slope in the source area of the landslide was an unstable slope formed after the first sliding in 2014. It had a combination of unfavorable slope structure and weak intercalation. Under the action of long-term gravity and groundwater,it eventually evolved into a landslide geological disaster. In the process of landslide evolution,the strength of the weak intercalation decreased after the interaction with groundwater,and its physical and mechanical properties also became poor,which was easy to produce extrusion deformation and led to compression and shear deformation of the sliding body towards the free direction,resulting in cracking of the rear edge and side boundary slope. Such cracks formed the main control structural plane. Before the landslide,the researchers installed two kinds of displacement monitoring sensors,the global navigation satellite system(GNSS) and the adaptive crack meter,to continuously monitor the deformation of the landslide. The on-site monitoring data is transmitted to the"geological disaster monitoring and early warning system" in real time,which was independently developed by researchers. The system automatically calculates the monitoring data and issues the early warning results through a variety of threshold comprehensive early warning models. According to the analysis of monitoring data,the landslide experienced the initial acceleration deformation stage,the intermediate acceleration deformation stage,the temporary sliding stage,and finally the disaster occurred. At each stage,the system released the early warning information in time according to the four-level early warning mechanism. Especially after the landslide entered the critical slide stage,the system sent out the red early warning 53 minutes in advance,which created the time condition for disaster emergency disposal and completely avoided the loss of personnel and economy. The successful early warning of the landslide reflected the applicability of the self-developed geological disaster monitoring and early warning system,early warning model and monitoring instrument,which can provide reference for research and application of similar landslide monitoring and early warning in the future.

       

    /

    返回文章
    返回