白色硅藻土微观结构特征定量研究

罗易 高磊 高明军 康银庚

罗易, 高磊, 高明军, 等. 2022. 白色硅藻土微观结构特征定量研究[J]. 工程地质学报, 30(2): 317-326.doi: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2020-551
引用本文: 罗易, 高磊, 高明军, 等. 2022. 白色硅藻土微观结构特征定量研究[J]. 工程地质学报, 30(2): 317-326.doi: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2020-551
Luo Yi, Gao Lei, Gao Mingjun, et al. 2022. Quantitative study on microstructure characteristics of white diatomite[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology, 30(2): 317-326. doi: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2020-551
Citation: Luo Yi, Gao Lei, Gao Mingjun, et al. 2022. Quantitative study on microstructure characteristics of white diatomite[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology, 30(2): 317-326. doi: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2020-551

白色硅藻土微观结构特征定量研究

doi: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2020-551
基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金 52027812

中央高校基本科研业务费 B210202047

中央高校基本科研业务费 B210204020

详细信息
    作者简介:

    罗易(1997-),男,硕士生,主要从事特殊土的工程特性研究. E-mail: loy@hhu.edu.cn

    通讯作者:

    高磊(1984-),男,博士,副教授,硕士生导师,主要从事工程地质和环境岩土方面的研究. E-mail: gaoleihhu@hhu.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: TU44

QUANTITATIVE STUDY ON MICROSTRUCTURE CHARACTERISTICS OF WHITE DIATOMITE

Funds: 

the National Natural Science Foundation of China 52027812

the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities B210202047

the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities B210204020

  • 摘要: 硅藻土常常呈现白色、黄色、黑色等颜色,其中以白色硅藻土较为特殊,遇水后其强度明显降低。为了掌握白色硅藻土的工程特性,必须研究白色硅藻土的微观结构特征。本文以白色硅藻土为研究对象,通过扫描电镜试验,以数值化的形式展现其孔隙特征,从微观角度分析白色硅藻土的整体形貌,同时对白色硅藻土的微观结构进行量化分析,通过二值化处理以及分形维数分析,对白色硅藻土土体孔隙的微观特征进行研究,结果表明:(1)白色硅藻土具有独特的无序排列的多孔结构,颗粒群间的聚集主要以堆积聚合排列的形式存在,其整体结构主要表现为分散结构,接触形式以面对面为主。(2)白色硅藻土微观费雷特直径分布结果表明其微观孔隙普遍较小,且孔径值大小呈现出无规律分布情况,随机性较强;孔隙结构处于不规则形状,呈现出细小孔隙形态。(3)白色硅藻土拥有较高的面孔隙度,在微观上表现为孔隙小、数量繁多以及结构复杂。(4)白色硅藻土具有较好的分形特性,在不同阈值下硅藻土的分形维数呈现出非线性减小的趋势,且阈值越大,分形维数降低的幅度越大;同时白色硅藻土的分形维数值较大,表明白色硅藻土微观表面孔隙结构单元数量较多,在宏观上表现出孔隙小,孔隙数量较多的特征。
  • 图  1  白色硅藻土现场照片

    Figure  1.  Site photo of white diatomite

    图  2  白色硅藻土扫描电镜结果

    a. 5000倍;b. 10 000倍

    Figure  2.  SEM results of white diatomite

    图  3  白色硅藻土微观孔隙费雷特直径分布

    a. 试样1;b. 试样2;c. 试样3

    Figure  3.  Distribution of FERET diameter in micro pores of white diatomite

    图  4  试样1二值化结果

    a. SEM图形(5000倍);b. 二值化图形

    Figure  4.  Binarization results of sample 1

    图  5  试样2二值化结果

    a. SEM图形(5000倍);b. 二值化图形

    Figure  5.  Binarization results of sample 2

    图  6  试样3二值化结果

    a. SEM图形(5000倍);b. 二值化图形

    Figure  6.  Binarization results of sample 3

    图  7  不同阈值下分形维数变化曲线

    Figure  7.  Fractal dimension curve under different thresholds

    图  8  试样3在不同阈值下二值化图形

    a. 阈值110;b. 阈值140;c. 阈值170;d. 阈值200

    Figure  8.  Binarization pattern of sample 3 under different thresholds

    图  9  白色硅藻土分形维数结果曲线

    a. 试样1;b. 试样2;c. 试样3

    Figure  9.  Fractal dimension curve of white diatomite

    图  10  最佳阈值下白色硅藻土二值化图形

    a. 试样1(阈值98);b. 试样2(阈值101);c. 试样3(阈值100)

    Figure  10.  Binarization pattern of white diatomite under optimum threshold

    表  1  白色硅藻土基本物理特性

    Table  1.   Basic physical properties of white diatomite

    含水率ω/% 密度ρ/g·cm-3 比重Gs 液限ωL/% 塑限ωP/% 液性指数IL 塑性指数IP
    40.7 1.82 2.47 94.91 36.69 0.07 59
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  白色硅藻土面孔隙度计算结果

    Table  2.   Calculation results of surface porosity of white diatomite

    计算内容 试样1 试样2 试样3
    孔隙部分/像素点 6589 9195 10 313
    土骨架部分/像素点 5798 8452 9493
    面孔隙度/% 53.19 52.11 52.07
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  白色硅藻土试样的分形维数

    Table  3.   Fractal dimension of white diatomite samples

    名称 分形维数
    试样1 1.92
    试样2 1.91
    试样3 1.90
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2020-10-12
  • 修回日期:  2020-11-02
  • 刊出日期:  2022-04-25

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