基于主成分分析法的安康地区膨胀土膨胀变形影响指标分析

郭瑞 张建华 蒋红 付江涛 郭鸿

郭瑞, 张建华, 蒋红, 等. 2023. 基于主成分分析法的安康地区膨胀土膨胀变形影响指标分析[J]. 工程地质学报, 31(5): 1535-1542. doi: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2021-0273
引用本文: 郭瑞, 张建华, 蒋红, 等. 2023. 基于主成分分析法的安康地区膨胀土膨胀变形影响指标分析[J]. 工程地质学报, 31(5): 1535-1542. doi: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2021-0273
Guo Rui, Zhang Jianhua, Jiang Hong, et al. 2023. Research on influencing factors of expansive deformation of expansive soil in Ankang area based on PCA[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology, 31(5): 1535-1542. doi: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2021-0273
Citation: Guo Rui, Zhang Jianhua, Jiang Hong, et al. 2023. Research on influencing factors of expansive deformation of expansive soil in Ankang area based on PCA[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology, 31(5): 1535-1542. doi: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2021-0273

基于主成分分析法的安康地区膨胀土膨胀变形影响指标分析

doi: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2021-0273
基金项目: 

陕西省重点研发计划项目 2020SF-430

汉台区科技计划项目 2019kx-19

陕西省自然科学基础研究计划一般项目 2023-JC-YB-307

详细信息
    通讯作者:

    郭瑞(1982-),男,博士,副教授,主要从事道路材料、岩土工程等方面的教学与研究工作. E-mail: grlch2356@163.com

  • 中图分类号: P642.13

RESEARCH ON INFLUENCING FACTORS OF EXPANSIVE DEFORMATION OF EXPANSIVE SOIL IN ANKANG AREA BASED ON PCA

Funds: 

the Key R&D Projects in Shaanxi Province 2020SF-430

Science and Technology Project of Han-tai District 2019kx-19

General Project of Natural Science Basic Research Program in Shaanxi Province 2023-JC-YB-307

  • 摘要: 为探究膨胀土物理力学性质指标对其膨胀变形影响。结合陕西安康地区某膨胀土工程实例,基于大量野外岩土勘察和室内测试数据资料,采用主成分分析法研究了膨胀土的膨胀变形与其物理力学性质指标间相关性及不同指标重要程度,建立了以主要物理力学指标为参数的膨胀土膨胀变形判别公式。影响膨胀土膨胀变形的物理力学指标可划分为反映外界环境的指标(含水率、饱和度、液性指数及含水比)、反映土体构造特征的指标(密度、干密度及孔隙比)、反映土体结构强度特征的指标(压缩系数和内摩擦角)及反映土体组成特征的指标(塑性指数和黏聚力);含水率是影响膨胀土膨胀变形的关键指标,所建立判别公式可为类似地区膨胀土膨胀变形的判别提供参考。
  • 图  1  不同颜色膨胀土样

    a. 黄褐色;b. 灰褐色;c. 红褐色

    Figure  1.  Expansive soil samples with different colors

    图  2  主成分分析法原理示意图

    Figure  2.  Schematic diagram of principal component analysis

    图  3  碎石图

    Figure  3.  Scree plot

    图  4  因子空间荷载图

    Figure  4.  Factor space load diagram

    图  5  计算值与实测值间关系

    Figure  5.  Relationship between calculated value and measured value

    图  6  膨胀土膨胀性影响指标重要程度

    Figure  6.  Importance of the influence index on the expansibility of expansive soil

    表  1  膨胀土物理力学指标统计值

    Table  1.   Test data of physical and mechanical indexes of expansive soil

    数据类型 物理性质指标 力学性质指标
    含水率ω /% 密度ρ /g·cm-3 干密度ρd /g·cm-3 孔隙比e 饱和度Sr /% 塑性指数Ip 液性指数IL 含水比ωb 压缩系数av/MPa-1 黏聚力c /kPa 内摩擦角φ/(°)
    平均值 19.44 1.88 1.58 0.71 74.08 11.67 0.23 0.67 0.28 41.66 23.51
    最大值 23.20 2.01 1.69 0.83 95.00 12.50 0.60 0.84 0.43 49.60 26.60
    最小值 15.30 1.80 1.48 0.61 57.00 10.60 0.01 0.52 0.16 35.8 20.40
    方差值 3.73 0 0 0 71.55 0.26 0.02 0.01 0 8.61 1.44
    极差值 7.90 0.21 0.21 0.22 38.00 1.90 0.59 0.32 0.27 13.80 6.20
    标准差 1.93 0.06 0.04 0.05 8.43 0.50 0.14 0.07 0.07 2.92 1.20
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  KMO和Bartlett检验结果

    Table  2.   KMO and Bartlett test result

    Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin(KMO) 0.654
    Bartlett 近似卡方 3386.733
    df 55
    Sig. 0
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  主成分荷载矩阵数值

    Table  4.   The value of the principal component load matrix

    指标 成分
    1 2 3 4
    饱和度/% 0.981 -0.103 0.043 0.097
    密度/g·cm-3 0.830 -0.554 -0.024 -0.012
    含水率/% 0.829 0.488 0.099 0.189
    含水比 0.810 0.562 0.023 -0.073
    液性指数 0.716 0.515 0.194 -0.093
    孔隙比 -0.408 0.897 0.089 0.125
    干密度/g·cm-3 0.410 -0.893 -0.092 -0.138
    内摩擦角/(°) -0.019 -0.132 0.709 -0.479
    压缩系数/MPa-1 -0.332 -0.124 0.577 -0.116
    黏聚力/kPa 0.075 -0.171 0.550 0.364
    塑性指数 -0.105 -0.316 0.227 0.792
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  主成分特征值及贡献率

    Table  3.   Characteristic value and contribution rate of each component

    成分 特征值 贡献率/% 累积贡献率/%
    1 3.968 36.074 36.074
    2 2.900 26.367 62.441
    3 1.784 11.424 73.865
    4 1.097 9.970 83.835
    5 0.826 8.243 92.078
    6 0.577 5.881 97.958
    7 0.218 1.978 99.936
    8 0.004 0.035 99.971
    9 0.002 0.017 99.988
    10 0.001 0.100 99.998
    11 0.0007 0.002 100.000
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  主成分系数矩阵数值

    Table  5.   Numerical value of coefficient matrix of principal component

    指标 成分
    1 2 3 4
    含水率/% 0.281 -0.064 -0.056 0.146
    密度/g·cm-3 0.076 0.272 -0.017 0.023
    干密度/g·cm-3 -0.086 0.337 0.016 -0.075
    孔隙比 0.086 -0.336 -0.013 0.063
    饱和度/% 0.200 0.142 -0.038 0.098
    塑性指数 -0.019 -0.051 -0.173 0.731
    液性指数 0.268 -0.057 0.134 -0.044
    含水比 0.271 -0.046 0.003 -0.093
    压缩系数/MPa-1 -0.006 -0.043 0.462 0.124
    黏聚力/kPa 0.082 -0.039 0.224 0.497
    内摩擦角/(°) 0.069 0.039 0.702 -0.115
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  6  主成分权重值

    Table  6.   Principal component weight

    主成分 X1 X2 X4
    权重 0.498 0.364 0.138
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2021-05-18
  • 修回日期:  2021-08-05
  • 刊出日期:  2023-10-25

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