Abstract: High level rockfall is one of the main geological disasters causing the damage of long-distance buried oil and gas pipelines. Based on the analysis of 111 mountain pipeline collapse cases,this paper summarizes three modes of interaction between collapse and buried pipeline,Smashing pipeline,traction pipeline and buried pipeline. Among them,smashing the pipeline is the most harmful. And the geomechanical model of the interaction between collapse and pipeline is established. The response process and influencing factors of rockfall impact,soil and pipeline deformation are simulated by the finite element simulation software. It is found that the rockfall impact process is a transient process with a duration of about 0.1 s,which reveals the dynamic response law of soil and pipeline and the pipe-soil interaction mechanism. The pipe-soil deformation can experience the development and evolution process from coordinated deformation to uncoordinated deformation. On this basis,through the analysis of influencing factors such as different rockfall velocity,pipeline buried depth,internal pressure,rockfall shape and protection engineering,some suggestions on pipeline protection design in collapse area are put forward. The buried depth of the pipeline is designed to be more than 2.0 m and the thickness of the cover plate is not less than 0.2 m,which can effectively reduce the risk of rockfall impact damage to the pipeline.