基于SBAS-InSAR技术的中巴公路KKH沿线潜在滑坡区识别研究

    APPLICATION OF THE SBAS TECHNIQUE IN POTENTIAL LANDSLIDE AREA IDENTIFICATION ALONG THE KKH OF CHINA-PAKISTAN ECONOMIC CORRIDOR

    • 摘要: 潜在滑坡区的识别是目前地质灾害防灾工作的核心及难点,形变监测则是实现潜在滑坡区识别最直接有效的途径。与传统的GPS观测站及无人机遥感等监测手段相比,SBAS-InSAR技术在地形复杂的山区实施大区域形变监测工作具有明显优势。中巴经济走廊喀喇昆仑公路(Karakoram highway,KKH)Khunjerab至Jaglot段地势险峻、地质条件复杂、滑坡灾害频发,严重威胁着中巴公路的安全运行及当地居民的民生安全,准确识别出潜在滑坡区域有助于当地防灾减灾工作的顺利开展。首先利用Sentinel-1A升轨数据及SBAS-InSAR技术获取了地表在LOS方向的形变,再根据雷达视线与斜坡面的空间几何关系将LOS方向的形变转换成沿坡度方向的形变。在验证SBAS-InSAR技术形变结果可靠性基础上,以坡度方向的形变速率为权重对形变点进行核密度分析得到潜在滑坡区分布。结果显示潜在滑坡区主要分布在中巴公路沿线的干流河谷地带,尤其以Khunjerab至Sost段及Jaglot至Gilgit段分布范围最广,支流河谷地带分布较少。统计分析潜在滑坡区面积占比及灾害分布特征,结果显示潜在滑坡区面积占比仅为31.2%,但其中分布有灾害点147处,占灾害点总数的66.4%,表明潜在滑坡区识别结果具有较高的可靠性。

       

      Abstract: The identification of potential landslide areas is central to current geological disaster prevention efforts, and deformation monitoring is the most direct and effective way to achieve this. Compared to traditional monitoring methods, SBAS-InSAR technology offers clear advantages in monitoring large-scale deformation in mountainous regions with complex topography. Frequent landslides along the Khunjerab to Jaglot section of the Karakoram Highway(KKH)in the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor seriously threaten the highway's safe operation and local residents' livelihoods. Therefore, accurate identification of potential landslide areas is crucial for effective disaster prevention and mitigation. This paper utilized SBAS-InSAR technology and Sentinel-1A data to obtain surface deformation in the Line of Sight(LOS)direction. The deformation in LOS was then converted to the deformation along the slope direction by analyzing the spatial geometric relationship between the radar line of sight and the slope surface. After verifying the reliability of the SBAS-InSAR deformation results, kernel density analysis was performed on the deformation points, using the deformation rate in the slope direction as the weight, to identify potential landslide areas. Results indicate that potential landslide areas are primarily located in the main river valleys along the China-Pakistan Highway, with the Khunjerab to Sost and Jaglot to Gilgit sections being the most affected, while tributary valleys are less impacted. Statistical analysis of the potential landslide areas and disaster distribution shows that while the potential landslide area covers only 31.2% of the total area, it accounts for 66.4% of the total number of disaster points, indicating high reliability in the identification results.

       

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