Abstract: The excavation and unloading behavior may cause damage to the strength of the geotechnical body in the slope, and then affect the stability of the excavation slope. At present, the slope sliding accidents occur frequently during slope excavation, but few researches pay attention to the stability analysis of slope under unloading damage effect. Based on the simple linear model, this work established the calculation formula of the strength parameters of the geotechnical body on the slip surface under the excavation unloading effect. Furthermore, combined with the limit equilibrium thrust method, the iterative solution strategy is introduced to realize the interactive calculation between the feedback of the slope factor of safety and the update of the strength parameters of the geotechnical body on the slip surface, so as to achieve the purpose of the stability analysis of the excavation slope under the unloading damage effect. Thereby, this work provides a scientific basis for the safety state assessment in the process of engineering slope excavation. Thereafter, the feasibility of the proposed method is verified by the comparison and analysis of three different types of slope excavation examples. The results show that the excavation unloading damage significantly reduces the stability of the slope after excavation, and the failure pattern of the slope may evolve into the shallow failure near the slope surface.