砂-黏混合土MICP改良后渗流侵蚀抵抗特征试验分析

    EXPERIMENT ON MICROBIALLY INDUCED CARBONATE PRECIPITATION FOR SEEPAGE-INDUCED INTERNAL EROSION CONTROL IN SAND-CLAY MIXTURES

    • 摘要: 渗流侵蚀是大坝、边坡及地基等土体结构破坏的常见诱发机制。渗流侵蚀,其是细颗粒从粗颗粒骨架中流出导致的,并可能引起水库渗漏、低洼地区洪水、边坡垮塌及地基塌陷等严重后果。砂-黏混合土因为易发生渗流侵蚀而引起了广泛重视,土微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀(MICP)技术可在微扰动条件下实现砂-黏混合土固化、减渗,提高砂-黏混合土抗侵蚀能力的同时具有无害、环保、低碳的优势,受到工程界广泛关注。本文采用福建标准砂-高岭土混合土开展了多流速梯度渗流侵蚀试验,通过监测MICP轻度胶结、中度胶结和重度胶结情况下土柱高度变化、渗透率和高岭土浓度的变化,对比分析了不同胶结程度下砂-黏混合土的抗侵蚀能力。发现渗流侵蚀会造成土体渗透系数下降,高流速下可以降低为初始的2.9%,但MICP处理可以减少渗透系数的降低,渗透系数仅降低为初始的25.7%。MICP处理还有利于减少土体体积收缩,重度胶结时可以将侵蚀高度降低67%。MICP是通过沉淀的碳酸钙吸附黏土颗粒或者包裹黏土颗粒以及桥接土骨架来增加砂-黏混合土的抗侵蚀性,因此可以很好地减少黏土颗粒的迁移。MICP胶结程度越高,抗侵蚀效果越好,但碳酸钙含量超过6%后,土体抗侵蚀能力的提升不再明显。MICP的使用可以在堤坝抗侵蚀破坏中发挥积极作用。

       

      Abstract: Using a mixture of standard sand and kaolin to simulate sandy clay soil,this study investigated the anti-seepage stability of soil improved by microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation(MICP). Multi-velocity gradient seepage erosion tests were conducted on standard sand-kaolin mixed soil to monitor changes in soil column height,permeability,and kaolin concentration in MICP-treated soil,and to compare the erosion resistance under different degrees of cementation. The effectiveness of MICP in controlling seepage erosion was evaluated for mixed sandy clay soils with varying cementation levels. Three types of sand-clay mixtures with different cementation degrees were tested; computed tomography(CT)scanning was employed to monitor particle movement throughout the erosion process. The results demonstrate that MICP effectively reduces the migration of clay particles through adsorption,encapsulation by calcium carbonate precipitation,and bridging within the soil skeleton,thereby enhancing erosion resistance. A flow rate of 41.9 mL min-1 was identified as the critical erosion rate under the experimental conditions. As the degree of MICP cementation increases,the resulting calcium carbonate effectively raises the critical erosion rate of the specimen,with a calcium carbonate content of 6% being sufficient to achieve effective erosion resistance. These findings provide a reference for analyzing the erosion resistance of MICP-reinforced soils.

       

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