Abstract: The analysis of shield construction in collapsible loess strata and the impact of local collapsibility on surrounding soil and shield segments is vital for ensuring the safety of tunnel construction and metro operation. Based on the Taiyuan Metro Line 1 project, this paper dynamically simulated the shield tunneling construction process using finite element software, and the numerical model was validated through comparative analysis with on-site monitoring data. The numerical analysis showed that the internal forces of the soil around the tunnel did not change significantly during shield excavation, with only slight stress concentration appearing at the top and bottom of the tunnel. According to the stress distribution during tunnel excavation, top settlement, bottom uplift, and surface settlement directly above the tunnel should be monitored within a 3.6 m range before and after excavation during shield construction. In the analysis of the influence of loess collapsibility on tunnel segments, the dense modulus correction method was employed to modify the density and elastic modulus of the loess after collapsible deformation, with collapsibility characterized through finite element property conversion modules. Dynamic numerical simulation results revealed that shield excavation induced a "U"-shaped soil displacement within 18 m horizontally above the tunnel, with a maximum surface settlement of 6.97 mm. Local collapsible deformation (4.8 m×12.4 m) caused a maximum increase of 4.25% in the circumferential bending moment of shield segments, with the influence range limited to 2~3 adjacent rings and a deformation increment of 1.01 mm, indicating that collapsibility had relatively minor mechanical impacts on the shield segments. This research on the mechanical response mechanisms of shield tunneling and local collapsibility provides valuable references for shield tunnel design, support parameter optimization, and risk monitoring in loess regions.