小型无人机结合POT技术的三峡库区谭家湾滑坡表面形变监测与分析

    SURFACE DEFORMATION MONITORING AND ANALYSIS OF TANJIAWAN LANDSLIDE IN THE THREE GORGES RESERVOIR AREA BASED ON SMALL UAV COMBINED WITH POT TECHNOLOGY

    • 摘要: 掌握滑坡表面变形特征和过程是揭示滑坡成因机理、实施有效防控的重要前提。随着无人机摄影测量技术的快速发展,使得利用高分辨率无人机时序数字正射影像(DOMs)结合像素偏移量追踪(POT)技术,实现单体滑坡表面二维形变监测和分析成为可能,但还未形成一套完整技术方法体系。为此,本文采用无人机结合POT技术的方法对三峡库区谭家湾滑坡开展了长达3年半的监测,确定了无人机现场监测作业的适用条件,基于COSI-Corr软件得到了二维形变场分析的最佳参数,并利用GNSS监测数据进行精度验证,建立了一套适用于植被覆盖的单体长期蠕滑型滑坡表面时序形变监测分析技术方法,最后,分析了谭家湾滑坡的表面变形特征。结果表明:无人机结合POT技术方法能够有效监测滑坡的关键位移区域和方向,但该技术受植被覆盖等影响,对20 mm以下的位移变形识别受限,且DOM采集时间间隔要小于1 a;COSI-Corr软件中初始窗口和最终窗口设置为32×32,位移步长设置为6,DOM选择波段一并采用0.12~0.2 m大小的像元值时,可以获得最佳的表面位移变形监测结果;谭家湾滑坡变形主要集中在Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ号滑体,且变形具有区域特异性。

       

      Abstract: Mastering the characteristics and process of landslide surface deformation is an important prerequisite for revealing the formation mechanism of a landslide and implementing effective prevention and control. With the rapid development of UAV photogrammetry technology, it has become possible to achieve two-dimensional deformation monitoring and analysis of a single landslide surface using high-resolution UAV time-series digital orthophotos(DOMs)combined with pixel offset tracking(POT)analysis; however, a complete technical method system has not yet been formed. In this paper, the method of UAV combined with POT technology was used to monitor the Tanjiawan landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir area over three and a half years. The applicable conditions of UAV on-site monitoring were determined, and the optimal parameters for two-dimensional deformation field analysis were obtained based on COSI-Corr software. The accuracy of the method was verified using GNSS monitoring data. A set of technical methods for monitoring and analyzing the surface deformation of a single long-term creeping landslide under vegetation cover was established. Finally, the surface deformation characteristics of the Tanjiawan landslide were analyzed. The results showed that the UAV combined with POT technology could effectively monitor the key displacement area and direction of the landslide with high accuracy. However, due to the influence of vegetation cover, the technology was limited to the identification of displacement deformation below 20 mm, and the DOM acquisition time interval was less than one year. In the COSI-Corr software, the initial and final windows were set to 32×32, the displacement step was set to 6, and the DOM selected the band and used a pixel value of 0.12-0.2 m to obtain the best surface displacement deformation monitoring results. The deformation of the Tanjiawan landslide was mainly concentrated in sliding bodies No. Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ, and the deformation had regional specificity.

       

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