Abstract: Reducing carbon emissions and achieving sustainable development require an increase in the consumption of clean energy and an intensified focus on the development of unconventional energy sources such as geothermal, shale oil and shale gas. Due to the ultra-low permeability and unique oil and gas occurrence characteristics of unconventional reservoirs, combined with their deep underground locations which render them inaccessible, their development must rely on drilling techniques to stimulate and enhance the reservoirs. Reservoir geo-engineering mechanics is a theoretical and applied science dedicated to studying the engineering geological characteristics of reservoirs, integrating principles from geology, mechanics, and geophysics. While reservoir geomechanics connects petroleum geology with development, reservoir geo-engineering mechanics further synthesizes theories and methods from engineering geology, rock mechanics, and reservoir geomechanics to evaluate reservoir engineering properties and their physical environments, and investigates reservoir enhancement mechanisms and techniques, providing scientific and technical support for deep resource development. Reservoir geo-engineering mechanics emphasizes integrating reservoir geomechanics theories with reservoir modification and enhancement. It addresses key technical challenges in deep energy resource development, focusing on reservoir fracturing, modification, fluid flow, and THMC(thermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical) coupling processes. These efforts support clean energy development and carbon reduction initiatives, contributing to national objectives of carbon peak and carbon neutrality.