Abstract: The study of the relationship between artificial water replenishment and pore water pressure contributes to a deeper understanding of the hydraulic sealing mechanism and the optimization of water curtain technical parameters. According to the design standards for underground caverns, areas where the water replenishment for each oil storage chamber is less than 12.5 m³·d^-1 per hundred meters are defined as low permeability zones, while areas with a replenishment volume greater than or equal to this value are classified as high permeability zones. Through field monitoring of artificial water replenishment and pore water pressure in both low and high permeability zones, the following relationships were observed during the construction period of the oil storage caverns: (1)In the excavation process of the low permeability zones, the artificial water replenishment remained relatively stable, while the pore water pressure of the surrounding rock decreased significantly. Conversely, in the high permeability zones, the artificial water replenishment increased significantly, while the pore water pressure remained unchanged or slightly increased. (2)There is a negative correlation between the amount of artificial water replenishment and both the magnitude and duration of the decrease in pore water pressure. (3)The water sealing control efficiency of the water curtain system in high permeability zones is significantly higher than that in low permeability zones. To enhance the artificial water replenishment efficiency in low permeability zones, it is recommended to appropriately reduce the spacing of water curtain boreholes in these regions.