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SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH FRAMEWORK OF LIVABLE YELLOW RIVER
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摘要: 黄河问题表象于河，形成于域，根植于地。针对于黄河流域高质量发展面临的地球科学问题特点及挑战，本文提出了“宜居黄河”科学构想，旨在构建一个包括“安全黄河”、“绿色黄河”、“生态黄河”、“和谐黄河”和“智慧黄河”5大核心内容的体系完善的宜居黄河研究科学架构，并对这5个方面的科学内涵和关键研究内容进行了阐述。其中，(1)安全黄河立足于工程地质学，研究黄河流域地质地表过程及其灾害效应，以保障地质安全需求，构建安全黄河体系；(2)绿色黄河立足于水文地质学，研究黄河流域水循环过程及其水土环境变化效应，构建绿色黄河体系；(3)生态黄河立足于环境地质学，研究黄河流域生态系统演化规律及其生态屏障效应，构建生态黄河体系；(4)和谐黄河立足于资源地质学，研究黄河流域资源开发与人地协调的发展模式，构建和谐黄河体系；(5)智慧黄河立足于大数据及信息科学，研究黄河流域地学信息集成与智慧决策平台，构建智慧黄河体系。这5个部分相互支撑融合，共同解决宜居黄河的核心关键问题，从而为保障黄河长治久安、促进全流域高质量发展，最终形成造福中华民族的“幸福黄河”起到科技支撑作用。Abstract: The problem of the Yellow River is reflected from the river, formed in the region, and rooted in the land. In light of the characteristics and challenges associated with geoscience problems in succeeding the high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin, this paper proposes the concept of so-called"livable Yellow River", which is consist of five core aspects in a systematic and scientific framework, namely the"Safe Yellow River", the"Green Yellow River", the"Ecological Yellow River", the"Harmonious Yellow River" and the"Intelligent Yellow River". The associated scientific connotation and major research contents of each aspect are illustrated in this paper. Specifically, (1)on the basis of the engineering geology, the"Safe Yellow River" aims to solve problems encountered in the geological surface process and the related disastrous impacts, so as to meet the geological safety requirements and build the Yellow River safety system; (2)on the basis of hydrogeology, the"Green Yellow River" focuses on the water cycle process and the related impacts on water and soil environment, thus constructs a green Yellow River system; (3)on the basis of the environmental geology, the "Ecological Yellow River" explores the evolution law of ecosystem and the related ecological barrier effect, and establishes an ecological Yellow River system; (4)on the basis of the resource geology, the "Harmonious Yellow River" studies the development mode of resource exploitation and people-land coordination in the Yellow River Basin, and builds a harmonious Yellow River system; (5)on the basis of the big data and information science, "Intelligent Yellow River" studies the geological information integration and intelligent decision-making platform of the Yellow River Basin, and constructs the intelligent Yellow River system. These five parts support and integrate each other to jointly solve the core and key issues of the livable Yellow River, so as to provide a scientific and technological support in ensuring the long-term stability of the Yellow River and promoting the high-quality development of the entire river basin, and ultimately forming a"Happiness Yellow River" that benefits the Chinese nation.
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图 2 黄河流域主要活动断裂、历史地震及主要地质灾害
Figure 2. Main active faults, historical earthquakes and geological hazards in the Yellow River Basin
图 3 黄河流域黄土高原滑坡灾害空间分布(据Peng et al., 2019b)
Figure 3. Spatial distribution of landslides in the Loess Plateau of the Yellow River Basin
图 6 黄河流域国家重大工程及典型灾变
Figure 6. National major projects in the Yellow River Basin and typical disasters
图 7 宜居黄河科学构想总体框架
Figure 7. Framework of the scientific conception of the livable Yellow River
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