Abstract: The problem of the Yellow River is reflected from the river, formed in the region, and rooted in the land. In light of the characteristics and challenges associated with geoscience problems in succeeding the high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin, this paper proposes the concept of so-called"livable Yellow River", which is consist of five core aspects in a systematic and scientific framework, namely the"Safe Yellow River", the"Green Yellow River", the"Ecological Yellow River", the"Harmonious Yellow River" and the"Intelligent Yellow River". The associated scientific connotation and major research contents of each aspect are illustrated in this paper. Specifically, (1)on the basis of the engineering geology, the"Safe Yellow River" aims to solve problems encountered in the geological surface process and the related disastrous impacts, so as to meet the geological safety requirements and build the Yellow River safety system; (2)on the basis of hydrogeology, the"Green Yellow River" focuses on the water cycle process and the related impacts on water and soil environment, thus constructs a green Yellow River system; (3)on the basis of the environmental geology, the "Ecological Yellow River" explores the evolution law of ecosystem and the related ecological barrier effect, and establishes an ecological Yellow River system; (4)on the basis of the resource geology, the "Harmonious Yellow River" studies the development mode of resource exploitation and people-land coordination in the Yellow River Basin, and builds a harmonious Yellow River system; (5)on the basis of the big data and information science, "Intelligent Yellow River" studies the geological information integration and intelligent decision-making platform of the Yellow River Basin, and constructs the intelligent Yellow River system. These five parts support and integrate each other to jointly solve the core and key issues of the livable Yellow River, so as to provide a scientific and technological support in ensuring the long-term stability of the Yellow River and promoting the high-quality development of the entire river basin, and ultimately forming a"Happiness Yellow River" that benefits the Chinese nation.