Abstract: This paper aims to explore the causal factors and road engineering disturbance effect of landslides in the Bailong River Basin. We collected 2730 landslides through fieldwork and data collection. Several factors were extracted by GIS spatial analysis and remote sensing interpretation, including topography, geological structure, human activities, et al. The influence of factors on the landslides was analyzed based on the Information Value Model. We clustered landslides with the spatially constrained multivariate clustering method according to the geographic location and characteristics of factors. The importance of factors in clusters was obtained by the random forest algorithm. The disturbance effect of road engineering on landslides was analyzed. Results show that the landslides were affected by various factors including altitude, slope, aspect, rainfall, lithology, fault distance, vegetation coverage, land use, and road engineering disturbance. Landslides can be clustered into four clusters. The importance of factors that cause landslides is different among the clusters. "The multi-year average rainfall" is more important in Cluster A, located in the middle reaches of the Bailong River."Elevation" is the most important for Cluster B, located in the upper reaches of the Bailong River."The distance from the fault" is more important for Cluster C, located in the northeast direction of Tanchang."The distance from the road" plays a more important role in Cluster D, located in the lower reaches of the Bailong River. The disturbance effect of road engineering is less important in areas with a fragile geological environment, but is more important in areas with better geological environment conditions.