Abstract: Urban geological environment, as an important carrier of urban sustainable development, can provide necessary land, mineral and other resources for human production and life. However, there are still a series of adverse geological phenomena, such as land subsidence and landslides, which seriously threaten the health and safety of the city. On this basis, a new evaluation method is needed for urban daily management to clarify the current specific status of each region of the city. Based on this, the basic concept of urban geological environment health is put forward. It is necessary to comprehensively apply the theory and practice of geology to its evaluation, give a quantitative evaluation, and determine the health level of different areas of the city, from the perspective of urban construction and management, residents' life and safety, and on the basis of comprehensive and systematic investigation and analysis of the geological environment. In this paper, the main work is to establish a complete theoretical system of urban geological environment health, define the concept of urban geological environment health, explain its connotation and extension, analyze its influencing factors, establish a corresponding evaluation system, and give the use method of the evaluation system. Specifically, taking Shanghai as an example, the established system is used to evaluate the geological environment health level of various regions in Shanghai.