Abstract: Hydropower development in the Yalong River Basin is a crucial component of the development of hydropower resources in Western China. Adverse geological disasters, such as rock collapse and landslides, are highly prevalent in the Yalong River flow area due to influences like the rapid uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, active faults, rapid river downcutting, and rainfall. Assessing the risk of geological hazards along the Yalong River is vital for hydropower project construction. This work aims to assess the risk of regional geological hazards along the mainstream of the Yalong River. Nine evaluation factors, including terrain slope, slope direction, undulation, elevation, engineering geological rock group, density of fault zones, distance from the mainstream of the Yalong River, PGA(Peak Ground Acceleration), and annual average rainfall, were selected based on data from 276 disaster points involving landslides and collapses along the river's mainstream. The frequency ratio method and analytic hierarchy process were employed to calculate the index assignment and weight value of each factor. Subsequently, vulnerability assessment of geological disasters was conducted using ArcGIS. The vulnerability analysis of the disaster-bearing bodies involved selecting five factors: population density, distance from the hydropower station, average GDP, land type, and distance from the road. The risk assessment of regional geological hazards was completed by combining susceptibility and vulnerability assessments. The evaluation results indicate that the middle and upper reaches of the Yalong River Basin are primarily affected by geological structure and engineering geological rock groups, with high-risk areas mainly located near the dam sites of hydropower stations. In the downstream area, high-risk areas are influenced mainly by population density and economy, though susceptibility to geological disasters is relatively lower. The accuracy of this susceptibility assessment reached 91.57%. This assessment model is applicable to the Yalong River Basin and provides an important reference for geological disaster risk assessment and hydropower project planning in the region.