RESEARCH STATUS AND PROSPECTS ON THE MECHANISM AND PREVENTION OF TUNNEL DISEASE IN MINED-OUT SUBSIDENCE AREAS

Coal is one of the main sources of energy in China, and coal mining has caused a large number of mined-out subsidence areas. With the increasing density of highway and railway networks, more and more tunnels have to cross the coal mined-out subsidence areas in Shanxi and other coal mining provinces. Due to the severe damage, large deformation, and long duration of the rock strata in mined-out subsidence areas, it is a major safety hazard in tunnel construction and operation. Therefore, it is important to systematically study the tunnel disaster mechanism, prevention, and control technology in mined-out subsidence areas to ensure safety. By analyzing the engineering cases reported in the literature, this paper summarizes the main types of issues and disaster mechanisms of tunnels in mined-out subsidence areas, reviews the methods for long-term deformation prediction of mining-induced rock masses in subsidence areas and tunnel disaster prediction methods, and introduces the methods for deformation control of mining-induced rock masses in subsidence areas and treatment methods for the surrounding rock masses of tunnels that cross the mined-out region. Based on this, this paper analyzes the prominent problems in the research on tunnel disasters and prevention and control technology in mined-out subsidence areas and outlines the urgent research directions.