COLLAPSE DEVELOPMENT CHARACTERISTICS AND FAILURE MECHANISM OF ALTAY CAMEL PEAK IN XINJIANG

The collapse of Altay Camel Peak in Xinjiang is located in the key amusement scenic spot of Altay City, which poses a threat to tourists, highways and passing people and vehicles in the scenic spot. The fold development of Altay synclinorium in Xinjiang is complex, and the geological structures such as cleavage and joint are developed under the internal and external geological effects, which leads to the high degree of collapse geological disasters in this area. In order to effectively prevent and control the collapse disaster of Camel Peak in Altay City, the geometric shape and deformation and failure characteristics of the dangerous rock mass of Camel Peak are proved by means of field geological survey, InSAR monitoring, joints statistics and theoretical analysis, and the causes and failure mechanism are revealed. The results show that the study area is dominated by sliding collapse, which is divided into three sections: collapse area, cliff slope and accumulation area. The occurrence of the most dominant joint structure surface curve was obtained to be 37°∠70°, and it was concluded that there were three rock mass failure modes in the collapse. The collapse instability mode is unloading-cracking-slipping. The failure mechanism can be summarized as geological structure-topographic height difference-joint structure surface shear-lithologic differential weathering-water, freeze-thaw action and other factors-rock mass cracking unloading and other aspects lead to collapse deformation and failure. The research results can provide a reference for geological disaster prevention and mitigation and scenic area development planning in Altay Camel Peak Scenic Area, and also provide a reference for the development characteristics and damage mechanism of tuff collapse disasters in similar areas.