Abstract: The three-dimensional discrete element model, based on the geological sketch which was carried out to analyse the main joints of the surrounding rocks of the Huashuyan tunnel, was established to investigate the upper and lower bench method and attain the variation of surrounding rock displacement and cable axial force. The results show that：(1)During the construction process, the excavation of the V-grade surrounding rock will only affect the displacement of a certain zone and the length of it is twice the tunnel wide with tunnel face in the middle;(2)The generated settlement, in the excavation of upstairs, accounts for about 94% of the total deposition, and it should be concerned in construction detection;(3)The vertical joints of asymmetry lead to the asymmetry distribution of the cable axial force, and the cable axial force of the right side of the arch is 1.1 times than the left ones; (4)The axial force of those cables at the sidewall and arch foot are small, so the layout of cables in radical direction can be optimized from 180to 90.