Abstract: To study the lining deformation characteristic of tunnel in cold region under the frost heaving force, a model test was designed, the model was made based on the surrounding rock and tunnel lining characteristic of the Balangshan Mountain, the low temperature environment in the tunnel of model was made by refrigeration equipment, the groundwater inside the model was frozen, the lining structure deformation characteristic under the frost heaving force was analyzed. The results show that the freezing temperature condition of model was satisfied after 5 day in the low temperature environment, the lining was distorted under the frost heaving force, the lining strain of the tunnel crown and side wall was greatly, the maximum strain is 122, and the lining strains of inverted arch and foot of wall was less, the minimum strain is 25.