王鹏, 唐朝生, 孙凯强, 陈志国, 徐士康, 施斌. 2016: 污泥处理的固化/稳定化技术研究进展. 工程地质学报, 24(4): 649-660. DOI: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2016.04.022
    引用本文: 王鹏, 唐朝生, 孙凯强, 陈志国, 徐士康, 施斌. 2016: 污泥处理的固化/稳定化技术研究进展. 工程地质学报, 24(4): 649-660. DOI: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2016.04.022
    WANG Peng, TANG Chaosheng, SUN Kaiqiang, CHEN Zhiguo, XU Shikang, SHI Bin. 2016: ADVANCES ON SOLIDIFICATION/STABILIZATION OF SLUDGE DISPOSAL. JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY, 24(4): 649-660. DOI: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2016.04.022
    Citation: WANG Peng, TANG Chaosheng, SUN Kaiqiang, CHEN Zhiguo, XU Shikang, SHI Bin. 2016: ADVANCES ON SOLIDIFICATION/STABILIZATION OF SLUDGE DISPOSAL. JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY, 24(4): 649-660. DOI: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2016.04.022

    污泥处理的固化/稳定化技术研究进展

    ADVANCES ON SOLIDIFICATION/STABILIZATION OF SLUDGE DISPOSAL

    • 摘要: 固化/稳定化(S/S)是目前比较有效的一种污泥处置技术,是通过向污泥中添加固化剂材料,与污泥发生一系列的物理化学反应,提高污泥的力学强度和稳定污泥中的重金属污染物,从而达到污泥安全处置和资源化利用的目的,因此,探索高效、低廉和低碳的S/S技术一直是该领域的重点。根据近些年来国内外学者对该领域研究所取得的成果,着重从污泥的种类、固化剂种类、主要技术指标、关键影响因素及固化/稳定化机理等几个方面总结了该课题的研究现状及进展。得到以下主要认识:污泥按来源可分为河湖污泥、市政污泥和工业污泥3大类,由于不同来源污泥成分差别很大,处置方式也不尽相同;对于污泥的S/S处理,常用的固化剂可分为无机和有机两大类,且无机固化剂占主导,目前最流行的是水泥和石灰,还包括一些工业矿渣、黏土等作为辅助材料;S/S的优劣主要通过两个关键技术指标进行评价:固化体的无侧限抗压强度及浸出毒性;污泥的固化/稳定化效果主要受初始含水率、养护时间、固化剂种类、掺入量、pH值和Eh值等因素的影响;固化剂及其产物在污泥中形成骨架,并通过物理化学作用与污泥颗粒胶结和填充大的孔隙,从而起到固化增强作用;固化剂及其产物主要通过物理包裹、沉淀和吸附作用,将污泥中的有害物质封闭在固化体内,从而达到无害化、稳定化目的。最后,针对目前污泥S/S技术研究的不足,提出了今后该课题的研究重点及方向,主要包括:改善污泥的前期脱水效率、进一步掌握固化体的变形特性、开发针对多种重金属离子的综合S/S技术、建立重金属离子固定/溶出模型和迁移模型、研发新型固化剂等。

       

      Abstract: Solidification/stabilization(S/S) is an effective technique to disposal sewage sludge. It adds solidifying materials to the sludge. The solidifying materials and sludge occurs a series of physical and chemical reactions. It improves the mechanical strength and stabilizes the heavy metal pollutants in the sludge and can achieve the purpose of the safe disposal of sludge and resource utilization. It is therefore of significance to develop new technology for the treatment and disposal of sludge. This paper is based on the achievements at home and abroad for the recent years in this field and summarizes the advances of several important aspects on this topic. They include the types of sludge, species of solidifying agent, main measures of solidified sludge effect, factors that affects the solidified effect and solidifying/stabilizing mechanisms. The following important knowledge can be drawn:Sludge can be classified into river/lake sludge, municipal sludge and industrial sludge by the source. Due to the big differences of the sludge composition, the corresponding disposal methods are also different. For the widely used S/S technique, the most commonly used solidification agent can be divided into two categories:inorganic and organic agents. The dominant inorganic solidifying agent includes cement, lime, and uses some industrial slag, clay as auxiliary material.the two important indexes are the unconfined compressive strength and leaching toxicity in terms of main measure indexes. The initial moisture content, curing time, and the species of solidifying agent and ratio and the pH and Eh values are the main types of factors which affects the solidifying/stabilizing effect. Solidifying agent and its products form the skeleton in the sludge. The sludge particle is cemented and its pore is filled by the physical and chemical reactions, to achieve treatment effect. Harmful substances will be enclosed in the curing body by physical package, precipitation and absorption between solidifying agent and its products, to achieve the purpose of harmless and stabilization. Finally, based on the above understanding and current research shortages in this topic, some important research topics that should be well investigated in future are proposed. They include increasing the permeability coefficient of sludge, understanding the deformation properties of the cured body, development of new technology for multiple heavy metal ions stabilization, models for simulating and predicting the dissolution and migration of heavy metal ions and development of new solidifying agent.

       

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