Abstract: In order to study the force and the deformation behavior of the double-row piles in the deep foundation, Large-scale physical model test was used to simulate deformation of double-row piles in foundation pit excavation based on the principle of the similarity theory in this paper. Choosing the formation in the eastern part of Beijing and discussing the changes of the strain, the displacement and the soil pressure during the deep foundation piles excavation. It is also using the numerical simulation to proof the law and results of the physical model test. That results show that the strain and the displacement of the front row piles is larger than the back row piles. The soil pressure of the front row piles appears to right convex, and there is a change obviously in soil pressure of the soil interface in the back row piles. The results is the same as the numerical simulation and also reliable and reasonable. It can put forward constructive reference for practical engineering.