张景科, 梁行洲, 叶飞, 郭志谦, 谌文武, 郭青林, 于宗仁. 2018: 敦煌莫高窟北区崖体沿纵深方向风化特征研究. 工程地质学报, 26(6): 1499-1507. DOI: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2017-538
    引用本文: 张景科, 梁行洲, 叶飞, 郭志谦, 谌文武, 郭青林, 于宗仁. 2018: 敦煌莫高窟北区崖体沿纵深方向风化特征研究. 工程地质学报, 26(6): 1499-1507. DOI: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2017-538
    ZHANG Jingke, LIANG Xingzhou, YE Fei, GUO Zhiqian, CHEN Wenwu, GUO Qinglin, YU Zongren. 2018: STUDY ON WEATHERING CHARACTERISTICS OF ROCK MASS ALONG DEPTH DIRECTION OF CLIFF LOCATED AT NORTH OF DUNHUANG MOGAO GROTTOES. JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY, 26(6): 1499-1507. DOI: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2017-538
    Citation: ZHANG Jingke, LIANG Xingzhou, YE Fei, GUO Zhiqian, CHEN Wenwu, GUO Qinglin, YU Zongren. 2018: STUDY ON WEATHERING CHARACTERISTICS OF ROCK MASS ALONG DEPTH DIRECTION OF CLIFF LOCATED AT NORTH OF DUNHUANG MOGAO GROTTOES. JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY, 26(6): 1499-1507. DOI: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2017-538

    敦煌莫高窟北区崖体沿纵深方向风化特征研究

    STUDY ON WEATHERING CHARACTERISTICS OF ROCK MASS ALONG DEPTH DIRECTION OF CLIFF LOCATED AT NORTH OF DUNHUANG MOGAO GROTTOES

    • 摘要: 日益严重的风化侵蚀,严重影响了莫高窟围岩的稳定性和壁画的赋存环境,成为威胁洞窟文物安全的严重隐患。为研究莫高窟北区崖体沿纵深方向的风化特征,选取莫高窟北区北侧一处崖体为试验点,采用逐层剖切的方法,沿水平方向由外向里依次取样编号。通过室内颗分试验、现场声波测试、可溶盐测试及X射线衍射测试,分析其变化规律。试验结果表明:地层颗粒组成的差异将影响崖体的抗风化能力;声波波速呈现震荡性的变化趋势;在水平深度0.7 m范围内钠长石含量相对减少,石英含量相对增加;崖体在水平深度0.4~1.0 m范围内可溶盐含量呈现递减特征;可溶盐是影响北区崖体风化的重要因素之一。综合分析各测试结果,认为1号、2号和3号探洞风化厚度分别为1.0 m、0.6 m和0.4 m。崖体风化呈现空间差异性,顶部风化最为严重,底部风化最弱。

       

      Abstract: The increasingly severe weathering erosion affects the stability of surrounding rocks and the preserving environment of wall paintings, which has become a great threat to the security of the grotto relics. A cliff located at the north of the Mogao grottoes is selected as the research site. The method of gradual dissection is adopted, and samples are numbered in sequence along the horizontal direction from the surface. A series of experiments are conducted and include size distribution test, field acoustic wave test, soluble salt test and X-Ray diffraction test. The results illustrate that the grain composition of the cliff have an effect on weather resistance. The curve of wave velocity fluctuates along the excavation depth. The content of sodium feldspar decreases within depth of 0.7 m as Quartz increases. As one of the main contribution to weathering of rock mass, soluble salts accumulate within the depth ranging from 0.4 m to 1.0 m. By comprehensive analysis on experimental results, depths in 1.0 m, 0.6 m and 0.4 m are respectively regarded as the weathering depths of No.1, No.2 and No.3 horizontal testing caves. As for the variation among cliff space, the heaviest weathering happening at upper part and weakest weathering lies at lower part.

       

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