李守定, 孙一鸣, 陈卫昌, 于志全, 周忠鸣, 刘丽楠, 赫建明, 张召彬, 李晓. 2019: 天然气水合物开采方法及海域试采分析. 工程地质学报, 27(1): 55-68. DOI: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2019-065
    引用本文: 李守定, 孙一鸣, 陈卫昌, 于志全, 周忠鸣, 刘丽楠, 赫建明, 张召彬, 李晓. 2019: 天然气水合物开采方法及海域试采分析. 工程地质学报, 27(1): 55-68. DOI: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2019-065
    LI Shouding, SUN Yiming, CHEN Weichang, YU Zhiquan, ZHOU Zhongming, LIU Linan, HE Jianming, ZHANG Zhaobin, LI Xiao. 2019: ANALYSES OF GAS PRODUCTION METHODS AND OFFSHORE PRODUCTION TESTS OF NATURAL GAS HYDRATES. JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY, 27(1): 55-68. DOI: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2019-065
    Citation: LI Shouding, SUN Yiming, CHEN Weichang, YU Zhiquan, ZHOU Zhongming, LIU Linan, HE Jianming, ZHANG Zhaobin, LI Xiao. 2019: ANALYSES OF GAS PRODUCTION METHODS AND OFFSHORE PRODUCTION TESTS OF NATURAL GAS HYDRATES. JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY, 27(1): 55-68. DOI: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2019-065

    天然气水合物开采方法及海域试采分析

    ANALYSES OF GAS PRODUCTION METHODS AND OFFSHORE PRODUCTION TESTS OF NATURAL GAS HYDRATES

    • 摘要: 天然气水合物分布广、埋藏浅、清洁无污染、储量巨大,被视为油气领域最有潜力的替代清洁能源。全球目前有5个国家进行了8次天然气水合物试采工作,特别是2017年5月中国神狐海域天然气水合物试采取得了巨大成功,创造了产气时间和产气总量两项世界纪录,但是由于天然气水合物特殊的物理力学性质和赋存状态,技术经济开采还面临诸多难题。在分类总结天然气水合物开采方法的基础上,分析了中日两国的海域天然气水合物试采情况及试采数据,得出了如下结论与建议:(1)天然气水合物开采方法可归纳为两大类:原位分解法和地层采掘法;(2)海域天然气水合物试采数据表明:压力和温度条件都是影响产气速率的主要因素与约束条件,在生产不同阶段,影响产气能力的主要因素不同;(3)对日本第1次天然气水合物试采数据分析表明,压力驱动力、温度驱动力与产气速率均有较好的相关性,提出了表征温度压力耦合关系的指标相态平衡距,研究了产气速率与相态平衡距的分段线性关系,建立了天然气水合物储层分解动力学模型范式;(4)分析了降压开采方法中大幅快速降压与分段缓慢降压两种降压方式的优劣,提出有效供热是实现天然气水合物降压开采的长期高产的必要条件,集成页岩气开发中的水平井压裂技术与干热岩地热开发中热量对流交换循环的原理,提出对流注热降压开采方法。

       

      Abstract: Natural gas hydrate, a pollution-free clean energy, is buried in sediments of the shallow geosphere and widely distributed, therefore considered as the most likely potential substitute resource in the oil and gas sector. Field scale exploitation of gas hydrate have been tried of 5 countries including China, especially the successful offshore production tests in Shenhu area, South China Sea, making a record of gas producing time and cumulative production. Nevertheless, there is no mature solution to realize economical and large-scale exploitation because of the special physical properties and occurrence environment of gas hydrate. In this paper, the offshore production tests carried out by China and Japan are introduced and analyzed according to fundamental understanding of gas hydrate. Our results indicated that:(1)the current production methods could be summarized into two types:in situ decomposition and stratum excavation methods. (2)The exploitation data suggested the temperature and pressure are the main constrain conditions for gas production and they works differently in different stages of production. (3)The first exploitation data of Japan showed that there's fine relevance between production rate and pressure/temperature driving force. The decomposition model based on coupled driving force were proposed using a comprehensive parameter named "distance to phase equilibrium curve". (4)According to the judgments of drastic-rapid and phased-slow depressurization methods, we presented that efficient heat injection are possibly one necessary condition for long-term exploitation of gas hydrate. Furthermore, convection heat supply and depressurization method were proposed according to the integration of hydraulic fracturing horizontal well technology in shale exploitation and the heat convection exchange cycle in hot dry rock exploitation.

       

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