Abstract: Being a new multidisciplinary subject, planetary science was built in recent decades. Development and sustainable utilization of planetary resources has become a new frontier direction. In the midst of 50^th anniversary of the Apollo 11 mission, several world powers embarked on the science and technology for deep space exploration again, for instance, America's return to space program, Russia's moon strategy and China's deep space exploration plan. Supplying theory and technique for planetary resources development, the subject of planetary geological resources and engineering is an important base for achieving these goals. Planetary geological resources and engineering(PGRE) is a branch of planetary geology subject, which is based on the theory of planetary science and the technology of planetary development. PGRE aims at the research and development of planetary geological resources and the technology of planetary geological engineering. The main research of PGRE contains exploration and exploitation of planetary geological resource and planetary geological engineering. Three important functions of PGRE are illustrated:promoting the progress of planetary science, reliving resources insufficient and cultivating talents of PGRE. The main tasks of PGRE are demonstrated:interdisciplinarity, planetary geologic survey, developing intelligent robot, adopting multi-scale test methods and techniques in planetary environment, subject building of PGRE and talent training.