沈佳, 董岩松, 简文彬, 等. 2020.台风暴雨型土质滑坡演化过程研究[J].工程地质学报, 28(6): 1323-1332. doi: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2019-540.
    引用本文: 沈佳, 董岩松, 简文彬, 等. 2020.台风暴雨型土质滑坡演化过程研究[J].工程地质学报, 28(6): 1323-1332. doi: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2019-540.
    Shen Jia, Dong Yansong, Jian Wenbin, et al. 2020. Study on evolution process of landslides triggered by typhoon rainstorm[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology, 28(6): 1323-1332. doi: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2019-540.
    Citation: Shen Jia, Dong Yansong, Jian Wenbin, et al. 2020. Study on evolution process of landslides triggered by typhoon rainstorm[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology, 28(6): 1323-1332. doi: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2019-540.

    台风暴雨型土质滑坡演化过程研究

    STUDY ON EVOLUTION PROCESS OF LANDSLIDES TRIGGERED BY TYPHOON RAINSTORM

    • 摘要: 台风暴雨型滑坡是我国东南丘陵山地主要的滑坡类型,揭示其失稳演化规律对东南丘陵山地台风暴雨型土质滑坡监测预警具有重要的理论及实际意义。本文以福建泉州德化石山滑坡为研究对象,结合现场地质勘察资料,建立滑坡物理与数值模型对其变形演化过程进行模拟,探究边坡失稳涉及的渗流和变形位移等规律。研究结果表明:(1)初期雨水以垂直入渗坡体为主,且入渗速率较大;后期入渗速率随坡体饱和度增加而减小。有前期小降雨的情况下,坡脚位置更易出现积水饱和现象;(2)雨水入渗是导致坡体稳定性下降的主要原因:在暴雨工况中E3(模拟全程降雨为暴雨雨强100 mm·d-1)中,稳定系数保持下降,从1.197降至1.125;在双峰暴雨工况E4(前期30 mm·d-1小雨强降雨,后期100 mm·d-1暴雨雨强降雨)中,小雨强降雨过程中稳定系数基本保持不变,从1.197降至1.188,当暴雨一开始,稳定系数骤降至1.060;(3)台风暴雨型滑坡位移演化过程具有阶段性特征:压缩沉降微变形阶段,该阶段位移曲线变化平缓,基本不发生位移;匀速变形阶段,该阶段位移匀速增长,位移速率不变;加速变形阶段,加速变形直至失稳阶段,破坏迅速,具有突发性,曲线呈非线性;(4)当前期发生小雨强降雨(降雨强度≤30 mm·d-1),后期突发大暴雨雨强降雨(降雨强度≥100 mm·d-1)情况下滑坡的发生具有突变性,在试验中暴雨初期位移骤增20 mm,而后快速发展到90 mm左右。

       

      Abstract: Typhoon storm-induced landslides are very common in the hilly and mountainous areas of southeast China. Understanding the evolution law of this kind of landslide failures is great helpful for the monitoring and early warning of rainfall storm landslides in this area. This study takes the Dehua Shishan landslide in Quanzhou,Fujian Province as a research object and combine the on-site geological survey data to establish a landslide physical and numerical model and to simulate the landslide deformation evolution process. After exploring the laws of seepage and landslide displacement in slope instability,results indicate the follows. (1)In the early period,the rainfall vertically infiltrates slope body with a high infiltration rate. The later infiltration rate decreases as the saturation of slope increases. The early rainfall can make the soil layer at the foot of the slope more prone to the saturation. (2)Rainfall infiltration is the main factor of slope instability. During heavy rainfall condition E3(The rainfall intensity is 100 mm·d-1),the factor of safety decreases from 1.197 to 1.125. In the double peak heavy rain condition E4(The early rainfall intensity is 30 mm·d-1,and the later rainfall intensity is 100 mm·d-1),the factor of safety remains basically unchanged during the early rainfall from 1.197 to 1.188. When the rainstorm starts,the factor of safety drops to 1.060. (4)When early rainfall occurs firstly(rainfall intensity ≤30 mm·d-1) and sudden heavy rainstorm occurs in the later period(rainfall intensity ≥100 mm·d-1)in the experiment,the displacement suddenly increases by 20 mm,and then quickly develops to about 90 mm.

       

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