Abstract: In order to study the influencing factors and mechanism of basalt fiber-reinforced clay, the ABAQUS finite element software was used to establish the numerical analysis model of basalt fiber reinforced clay. The modeling was developed secondary based on Python language, according to the fiber percentage of dry soil mass 0, 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15%, 0.20%, 0.25%, 0.30%, 0.35% and 0.60%. The different fiber length and distribution modes were also considered. A series of unconfined compressive strength(UCS)models of basalt fiber-reinforced clay were established, and combined with the laboratory test results. The fiber reinforcement mechanism was analyzed. The results show that: (1)Based on fiber and soil separation theory, the simplified establishment of fiber reinforced soil model can be realized based on development secondary by Python language, and the simulation results are basically consistent with the laboratory tests; (2)The addition of basalt fiber can significantly improve the unconfined compressive strength and reduce the lateral bulging deformation of soil, and the fiber content, length and distribution mode have certain effects on the soil strength and lateral bulging deformation; (3)The fiber reinforcement mechanism is related to the fiber mechanics characteristic in soil. The influence rules of different fiber content, length and distribution modes can be explained by fiber mechanics characteristic analysis.