Abstract: In order to effectively solve the problem of resource utilization of environmental dredging sediment, we took the environmental dredging sediment of a lake in Wuhan as the research object. The main physical and chemical properties of the dredging sediment were analyzed by field sampling test. Three kinds of amendments for planting soil were prepared as improvement materials, using desulfurized gypsum and organic fertilizer. The influence of leaching amount on physical and chemical properties of improved sediment was analyzed by leaching test. The results of leaching test showed that the physical and chemical indexes of the dredging sediment with suitable modifier were significantly improved, and the contents of organic matter, available phosphorus, available potassium and other nutrient elements were significantly increased, which met the relevant technical requirements of green planting soil. The effects of different amendments on the growth of tested plants were studied by pot test. The results of pot test showed that the tested plants grew well in the improved sediment, and the improved material with the highest content of organic matter had the best improvement effect, which verified the feasibility of improvement of environmental dredging sediment for planting soil.