Abstract: The loess plateau possesses the largest loess area in the world. Its ecological environment is extremely fragile, with serious soil erosion and disasters. In recent years, as the key area of the Belt-Road initiative and western development, a series of major national strategies and engineering projects have started construction in this region. How to deal with the relationship between project construction and ecological environment protection, and keep the coordination between man and land is a significance issue of theoretical and practical approach. This paper proposes that the Natural-Based Solutions(NBS)should be used throughout the life cycle of major project construction in the Loess area. (1)In the site selection planning stage, we should make full use of and comply with nature, and arrange different types of major projects in suitable landform areas. At the same time, a sponge system can be constructed to turn rainwater, sewage and other wastewater into water resources for effective use. (2)In the design and construction stage, the nature should be fully protected and appropriately transformed. The "three controls"(water control, deformation control, and erosion control) measures should be adopted to achieve the "three defences"(settling defence, skid defence, erosion defence) disaster reduction goals. (3)In the project operation stage, it is necessary to build a 3S(Space-Sky-Surface) integrated multi-source coordinated observation system to fully grasp the project and the relevant regional ecological environment dynamically, take the initiative to prevent the occurrence of catastrophes. At the same time, through the combination of natural restoration and moderate artificial restoration, the natural environment disturbed by the construction of the project should be restored as soon as possible.