Abstract: The practice of hydrogeology and water hazards prevention and control technology in China's mines in the new century urgently needs to establish its own theoretical guidance. This paper puts forward the idea of establishing Structural Hydrogeology under the guidance of Professor Gu Dezhen's academic thinking of "Hydrogeological Structure",and discusses its basic theoretical framework. From the perspective of methodology,the prevention and control of water disaster in mines are divided into two methods: passive and active prevention and control. Structural Hydrogeology can guide the prevention and control of water-sand mixture inrush in coal mines. The mechanism of water-sand mixture inrush disaster with high potential energy from the passive prevention and control is analyzed. The idea of structural hydrogeology can also be used to guide the active geological engineering prevention and control of the water-sand mixture inrush with high potential energy. Combined with typical cases,specific methods are put forward from the transformation of geological material properties,structure reconstruction of water-separating properties,transformation of hydrodynamic storage environment,and mitigation of mining-induced rock mass damages. The main purpose of this work is to spawn an innovative theory and technology for water prevention and control with the characteristics of Chinese mines.