孟华君, 乔建平, 田宏岭, 王志刚. 2014: 小区域地震地质灾害空间分布特点分析方法探讨. 工程地质学报, 22(1): 14-23.
    引用本文: 孟华君, 乔建平, 田宏岭, 王志刚. 2014: 小区域地震地质灾害空间分布特点分析方法探讨. 工程地质学报, 22(1): 14-23.
    MENG Huajun, QIAO Jianping, TIAN Hongling, WANG Zhigang. 2014: METHOD DISCUSSION ON SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION ANALYSIS OF EARTHQUAKE INDUCED GEOHAZARDS IN SMALL REGION. JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY, 22(1): 14-23.
    Citation: MENG Huajun, QIAO Jianping, TIAN Hongling, WANG Zhigang. 2014: METHOD DISCUSSION ON SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION ANALYSIS OF EARTHQUAKE INDUCED GEOHAZARDS IN SMALL REGION. JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY, 22(1): 14-23.

    小区域地震地质灾害空间分布特点分析方法探讨

    METHOD DISCUSSION ON SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION ANALYSIS OF EARTHQUAKE INDUCED GEOHAZARDS IN SMALL REGION

    • 摘要: 统计分析方法是研究地震地质灾害的基本方法,很多学者以灾害面积和灾害数量为基础数据提取了不同的评价指标对地震滑坡的空间分布特点进行评价。在使用灾害数量或点密度等指标进行分析时,存在很大的局限性,需要通过实地调查确认等手段严格保证数据的精确性。以白沙河流域作为研究区域,选取了灾害面积比(Ph)、灾害数量比(Pn)和地表面积比(Pa)作为3个评价参数,通过相互对比的方法揭示了地震灾区小流域都江堰白沙河流域内地震地质灾害的主要分布范围分别为坡度30~50,高程1450~2740m,坡向为E-SW向坡。结果表明,该方法简单易行,可以更加全面的快速评估地震灾区小流域地质灾害的空间分布特征,提供较多的灾害信息,判断小流域地表破坏严重程度,为防灾减灾及灾后重建提供帮助。同时发现,地震地质灾害的主要集中分布区与破坏严重区并不一定重合,因此,在对地震灾害进行空间分布分析时需要同时对这两个方面进行分析,不可忽略。将分析结果与汶川震区已有成果进行了对比发现,汶川地震灾区的地质灾害主要分布区存在坡度和高程上限,分别为50和3000m; 白沙河流域的地质灾害坡向分布与北川映秀断裂走向关系密切,其主要分布坡向中间值与断裂走向夹角约90,但在该研究区灾害的分布不存在背坡面效应的特点; 该流域内地震地质灾害的分布与岩性分布相关性较弱。

       

      Abstract: Statistical analysis is a basic method to study the spatial distribution of earthquake induced geo-hazards. Many scholars have analyzed spatial distribution characteristics for the earthquake induced geo-hazards by selecting different evaluation indexes. Among all of these indexes, the hazards number and hazards number density are unreliable until field investigation to confirm the accuracy of the hazards data. Thus, this paper presents a method to study the spatial distribution law of earthquake induced geo-hazards in the Baisha river basin of Dujiangyan county by using three parameters. They are Pa, Ph and Pn. They can reduce the negative influence of geo-hazards numbers. The statistical results show that this method is simple and effective for revealing the general characteristics of hazards distribution and more information about hazards scales. In addition, the method uses a new index C to measure the extent of ground damaged in small watershed. Findings are as follows. The main distribution area of geo-hazards is not equal to the zones damaged worst. The main distribution area of seismic induced geo-hazards is 30~50 in slope gradient, 1540~2740m in slope elevation, and E-SW in slope aspect. By the contrast analysis of this results and other scholars' statistical results, it can be found that the distribution area exists upper limit in slope gradient and elevation, 50 and 3000m respectively. Besides, the main distributed slope aspect is closely relate to the strike direction of Beichuan-Yingxiu Fault, but there is no back-slope effects in Baisha river basin. The distribution of geo-hazards is less relates to the stratum lithology.

       

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