Abstract: Anthrosols are a group of soils that have been heavily modified due to human activities. This paper studies systematically the anthrosols for understanding their engineering property and application. The connotations of anthrosols are defined,and their origins are analyzed. The classification principle of anthrosols is proposed,and an engineering classification and application system of anthrosols is established. Based on their origins,the anthrosols are classified into two types,five subtypes and eleven categories. Their connotation,basic principle,engineering property and disadvantage are introduced in detail. Finally the engineering utilization and application scope of each category of anthrosols is presented. These research results provide a theoretical basis for further study and application of anthrosols．