Abstract: There is a kind of black geological material with loose structure, complex components, extreme sensitivity to water and inferior engineering properties in the southern region of Daqing City. It has all the inferior properties of collapsible soil, organic soil, alkali soil, dispersive soil and other special soils. On the basis of field investigation, in-situ tests and laboratory tests, this paper systemically characterized and analyzed the black soil including the field identification, component structure, physical and mechanical properties, bearing capacity, collapsible performance, and stratum age. As a result of a comprehensive comparison, the soil is named as collapsible black soil.