Abstract: Debris flow which has rapid character and strong destruction is a common natural disaster in the mountainous areas of China. The terrain of our country is high in the west and low in the east, and the terrain is complex and changeable. Chinese alpine and high-altitude mountainous areas are widely distributed. In addition, various types of debris flow disasters occurred frequently, especially in summer. Based on the analysis of a large number of alpine mountain debris flow researches, we summarize some key issues of these special research problems:the formation conditions and development rules of the debris flow in the alpine natural environment, the disaster chain effect, and the alpine mountain debris flow research methods and prevention measures. Among them, the problem of debris flow caused by glacier-lake breakout and debris flow blocking rivers has attracted wide attention. In addition, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has also become an important focus of the study of debris flow in the alpine mountain areas. The paper also combines the main research problems and environmental change trends in recent years, and puts forward development suggestions for the study of debris flow in the alpine mountain area in the future.