Abstract: Melange is a special geological body composed of mixed accumulation of rock blocks with different compositions, ages and sources, which is formed at the boundary of plate subduction and collision. The rock mass has the characteristics of complex structure, rapid spatial change, easy alteration and large differences in mechanical properties. It is widely distributed in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China. Due to the complex geological environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the melange belt is often prone to geological disasters, which has a great impact on human life and property and engineering construction. Therefore, this paper analyzes the genetic mechanism and geological characteristics of the melange, and summarizes the distribution, geological characteristics and typical geological disasters of the melange belt in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. On this basis, the research direction of the problems existing in the study of geological hazards in the melange belt of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is put forward. The research results can provide a reference for the study of geological hazards in the melange belt of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.