YANG Qingqing, SU Zhiman, CHEN Luozeng, HUANG Lijuan. 2015: FLUME TESTS ON INFLUENCE OF ICE TO MOBILITY OF ROCK-ICE AVALANCHES. JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY, 23(6): 1117-1126. DOI: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2015.06.012
    Citation: YANG Qingqing, SU Zhiman, CHEN Luozeng, HUANG Lijuan. 2015: FLUME TESTS ON INFLUENCE OF ICE TO MOBILITY OF ROCK-ICE AVALANCHES. JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY, 23(6): 1117-1126. DOI: 10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2015.06.012

    FLUME TESTS ON INFLUENCE OF ICE TO MOBILITY OF ROCK-ICE AVALANCHES

    • Rock-ice avalanches in high-mountain regions can have an extremely high mobility and an enormous destructive potential. The influence of ice is of critical importance to enhance the mobility of rock-ice avalanches. However, the role of ice during the mass movement processes has not been systematically investigated and the mechanisms leading to the typically long run-out distances of such events are not well understood. Based on field investigation and historical data analysis of Yigong landslide occurred in April 2000,a conclusion is drawn that Yigong landslide is a typical rock-ice avalanche with a huge volume and an extremely long run-out, which involved ice or snow from the beginning of the movement or due to entrainment. A series of flume tests are conducted to reproduce the propagation of roc-ice avalanches and to explain a group of holes located on the front of deposit which are observed in the field. Furthermore, the run-outs of granular avalanches with different ice contents and size ratios of rock and ice particles are measured. The results show that ice particles are possibly involved in the front mass of granular avalanches on their whole movement. Then they melt when the avalanches deposit. It is the possible cause of the formation of the holes in the deposit. The involved ice particles can enhance the mobility of rock-ice avalanches. However, the length of run-out would not increase but decrease in the condition of large ice contents due to the ice cohesive action which makes the ice particles become large ones and difficult to enter into granular avalanches. It is concluded that the entrainment of ice particles into the mass of granular avalanches plays an important role in enhancing the mobility. The smaller size ratio of ice and rock particles, the easier the ice particles entered into granular avalanches. This work contributes to a better understanding of the role of ice in enhancing the mobility of rock-ice avalanches, and also to provide a scientific guidance in preventing the hazards.
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