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Editor Work2000 Vol. 8, No. 3
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2000, 8(3): 259-264.
Abstract
The mode of slipping along the eastern segment of altun fault zone is analyzed through both macroscopic investigation and microscopic study. The results show that:(1) the eastern segment of Altun fault zone consists of en echelon subsidiary faults.It seems that creep slip will easily occur along the segment, where the angle between the subsidiary faults is less than 15;(2) strong preferred orientation, augen structure, and small shear angle developed within the fault materials are the indications of creep slip along the eastern segment of Altun fault zone;(3) scanning electron micoscopic observation of quartz grains from the fault gouge has revealed that the recent movement along the eartern segment of the Altun fault since Q 3 is dominated by creep slip, but the intensity of slip is variable at different positions of the segment.The mode of movement along the eastern segment of the Altun fault zone was dominated mainly by creep slip, and the intensity of creep slip increases toward the east.
The mode of slipping along the eastern segment of altun fault zone is analyzed through both macroscopic investigation and microscopic study. The results show that:(1) the eastern segment of Altun fault zone consists of en echelon subsidiary faults.It seems that creep slip will easily occur along the segment, where the angle between the subsidiary faults is less than 15;(2) strong preferred orientation, augen structure, and small shear angle developed within the fault materials are the indications of creep slip along the eastern segment of Altun fault zone;(3) scanning electron micoscopic observation of quartz grains from the fault gouge has revealed that the recent movement along the eartern segment of the Altun fault since Q 3 is dominated by creep slip, but the intensity of slip is variable at different positions of the segment.The mode of movement along the eastern segment of the Altun fault zone was dominated mainly by creep slip, and the intensity of creep slip increases toward the east.
2000, 8(3): 265-271.
Investigation, identification and evaluation of the large scale loose deposits sediments at the relocation sites of Wushan County on the Three Gorges are discussed . A large number of the excavated sections show a complex accumulation of the sediments formed by tectonic process and karstification, and reveal a sliding zone between the loose deposit and bed rock. The sediments consist of landslidemass, rockfall,debris,karst collapse mass, etc. The thickness of the sediments determined by high resolution shallow seismic detection is 40m to 60m and can be divided into three wave velocity layers. A comprehensive conceptul model is set up and UDEC method is applied to simulated it. The formation and evolution process of the loose sediments can be divided into four stages geologic energy accumulation, fault system formation, rebound deformation and unload fracture, and epigenic reworking. Karstification is important to control the whole process.
Investigation, identification and evaluation of the large scale loose deposits sediments at the relocation sites of Wushan County on the Three Gorges are discussed . A large number of the excavated sections show a complex accumulation of the sediments formed by tectonic process and karstification, and reveal a sliding zone between the loose deposit and bed rock. The sediments consist of landslidemass, rockfall,debris,karst collapse mass, etc. The thickness of the sediments determined by high resolution shallow seismic detection is 40m to 60m and can be divided into three wave velocity layers. A comprehensive conceptul model is set up and UDEC method is applied to simulated it. The formation and evolution process of the loose sediments can be divided into four stages geologic energy accumulation, fault system formation, rebound deformation and unload fracture, and epigenic reworking. Karstification is important to control the whole process.
2000, 8(3): 272-276.
Embankment collapse is a heavy hazard for Changjiang River during flood season. The Chadian embankment collapse occurred at Yidu Reach of Changjiang River during the flood period 1998. The environmental geological conditions of the Yidu Reach are analyzed in the paper. The formation mechanism and stability of the embankment collapse are studied systematically. The control measures for the Chadian embankment collapse at Yidu Reach are presented.
Embankment collapse is a heavy hazard for Changjiang River during flood season. The Chadian embankment collapse occurred at Yidu Reach of Changjiang River during the flood period 1998. The environmental geological conditions of the Yidu Reach are analyzed in the paper. The formation mechanism and stability of the embankment collapse are studied systematically. The control measures for the Chadian embankment collapse at Yidu Reach are presented.
2000, 8(3): 277-280.
Shishuojie landslide is located on the right bank of bayou of lower reaches of Tuojiang River. Its volume is about 10.3210 4m 3. The main factors for the formation of the landslide are the periodic soaking washing of silt clay in the slope by river and artificial loading production and living activities. The mechanism for the landslide ouucrrence appears to be composite draught and push. The process of slide can be divided into three stages: the reduction of clay strength in slip zone, and the shifting of landslide baby composite stress from back to front, and integer slide. According to the groundwater regime, a statics model is set up to estimate the landslide stability. In control on the landslide we must conside not only the stability of landslide but also the safe operation of buildings and then take the measures against the main factors.
Shishuojie landslide is located on the right bank of bayou of lower reaches of Tuojiang River. Its volume is about 10.3210 4m 3. The main factors for the formation of the landslide are the periodic soaking washing of silt clay in the slope by river and artificial loading production and living activities. The mechanism for the landslide ouucrrence appears to be composite draught and push. The process of slide can be divided into three stages: the reduction of clay strength in slip zone, and the shifting of landslide baby composite stress from back to front, and integer slide. According to the groundwater regime, a statics model is set up to estimate the landslide stability. In control on the landslide we must conside not only the stability of landslide but also the safe operation of buildings and then take the measures against the main factors.
2000, 8(3): 281-287.
Destruction of frozen soil environment and environmental protection in process of building of Qinghai Xizang Highway are analyzed according to the interaction frozen soil and engineering environment. It is very important to protect the frozen soil enviroment in cold regions for engineering construction. Meanwhile, the effect of human engineering activities on frozen soil and engineering environment is elaborated and a design frame for the monitoring, management, and evaluation of the frozen soil and engineering environent in cold regions is primarily proposed.
Destruction of frozen soil environment and environmental protection in process of building of Qinghai Xizang Highway are analyzed according to the interaction frozen soil and engineering environment. It is very important to protect the frozen soil enviroment in cold regions for engineering construction. Meanwhile, the effect of human engineering activities on frozen soil and engineering environment is elaborated and a design frame for the monitoring, management, and evaluation of the frozen soil and engineering environent in cold regions is primarily proposed.
2000, 8(3): 288-290.
The Cross Star structure is a kind of superficial structure, which occurs in the dipping steeply rock nearby its surface, and has formed by the effect of tectonic stress and gravity at the same place but not at the same time for its different parts.A formula for calculating the size of this structure is given in paper.
The Cross Star structure is a kind of superficial structure, which occurs in the dipping steeply rock nearby its surface, and has formed by the effect of tectonic stress and gravity at the same place but not at the same time for its different parts.A formula for calculating the size of this structure is given in paper.
2000, 8(3): 291-295.
Longyou stone caves discovered recently, followed with interest widely because of their vast caves, high excavation techniques as well as many unknown problems. The engineering geological conditions ,the high lights of the excavation techniques, major deformation and faliure types of surrounding rock and protection strategies for the ancient stone caves will be discussed in this paper.
Longyou stone caves discovered recently, followed with interest widely because of their vast caves, high excavation techniques as well as many unknown problems. The engineering geological conditions ,the high lights of the excavation techniques, major deformation and faliure types of surrounding rock and protection strategies for the ancient stone caves will be discussed in this paper.
2000, 8(3): 296-305.
According to a conservative estimation, the solid waste (red mud) in aluminium industry discarded in China is at least 5 million tons every year. As the red mud is serious harmly to the ecological environment, the safety of red mud dams and red mud reservoirs becomes much concerned environmental problem. The storage, disposition, and application of various solid waste, including demestic waste, are not only the important tasks of modern environmental science but also the most important and urgent research subjects of Environmental Engineering Geology and Environmental Geotechnology. Using relevant theories and methods of Rock and Soil Engineering Science, the chemical properties mineral composition and the unfavorable engineering properties of red mud and their formation mechanism are systematically studied in the paper.On this basis, the authors suggest the principles and approaches to store, consolidate (dispose),and comprehensively utilize red mud.
According to a conservative estimation, the solid waste (red mud) in aluminium industry discarded in China is at least 5 million tons every year. As the red mud is serious harmly to the ecological environment, the safety of red mud dams and red mud reservoirs becomes much concerned environmental problem. The storage, disposition, and application of various solid waste, including demestic waste, are not only the important tasks of modern environmental science but also the most important and urgent research subjects of Environmental Engineering Geology and Environmental Geotechnology. Using relevant theories and methods of Rock and Soil Engineering Science, the chemical properties mineral composition and the unfavorable engineering properties of red mud and their formation mechanism are systematically studied in the paper.On this basis, the authors suggest the principles and approaches to store, consolidate (dispose),and comprehensively utilize red mud.
2000, 8(3): 306-311.
In consideration of difference in consolidated stress,loading mode and drainage between ordinary lab triaxial tests and in situ situation,this papers presents expressions,which take in situ actual consolidated stress and loading mode into account,to calculate in situ strength indexes for total stress analysis.Based on the derived expressions,a comparison between in situ and lab tests are made, and the applicability of lab test results to in situ soils is discussed.Special attention has been paid to consolidated undrained,partly consolidated undrained and unconsolidated partly drained shears.
In consideration of difference in consolidated stress,loading mode and drainage between ordinary lab triaxial tests and in situ situation,this papers presents expressions,which take in situ actual consolidated stress and loading mode into account,to calculate in situ strength indexes for total stress analysis.Based on the derived expressions,a comparison between in situ and lab tests are made, and the applicability of lab test results to in situ soils is discussed.Special attention has been paid to consolidated undrained,partly consolidated undrained and unconsolidated partly drained shears.
2000, 8(3): 312-315.
Displacement and deformation of surrounding rockmass of mining works can be caused by excavation in mine. If rock mass is effected by different excavations jointly, the stress of rockmass is influenced by all kinds of factors. In this paper an experimental method of friction model of bottom surface is used to study the mechanism for dynamic slide and deformation regularities of rockmass under firstly underground mining and then open pitting, so as to provide a scientific basis for design of continous mining and for dynamic analysis of slope rockmass.
Displacement and deformation of surrounding rockmass of mining works can be caused by excavation in mine. If rock mass is effected by different excavations jointly, the stress of rockmass is influenced by all kinds of factors. In this paper an experimental method of friction model of bottom surface is used to study the mechanism for dynamic slide and deformation regularities of rockmass under firstly underground mining and then open pitting, so as to provide a scientific basis for design of continous mining and for dynamic analysis of slope rockmass.
2000, 8(3): 316-319.
Preferred planes have distinct control effect on hazard occurrence and development in mining area.In this paper,a good deal of examples is cited to discuss the mechanism for rockmass stability and for water transportation controlled by preferred plane,furthermore,the corresponding superior indexes and evaluation criterion have been set up.All those demonstrate a new thinking way and analysis method for study of hazard control during underground mining.
Preferred planes have distinct control effect on hazard occurrence and development in mining area.In this paper,a good deal of examples is cited to discuss the mechanism for rockmass stability and for water transportation controlled by preferred plane,furthermore,the corresponding superior indexes and evaluation criterion have been set up.All those demonstrate a new thinking way and analysis method for study of hazard control during underground mining.
VARIATION REGULARITY OF ADDITIONAL STRESS TO ROCK MASS IN THE BACK OF SHAFT WALL UNDER MINING EFFECT
2000, 8(3): 320-323.
By studying the distribution of shaft stress measured in a coal mine in detail, this paper deals with the variation regularity of 3-D additional stress of rockmass in the back of shaft wall with the advance of working face. The result indicates that the rock mass in the back of the upper part of shaft wall has undergone verticlal.And the properties and amplitude of stress of rock mass in the back of shaft wall at the bottom are related with layout of working face, mining sequence, and distance of the working face to shaft.
By studying the distribution of shaft stress measured in a coal mine in detail, this paper deals with the variation regularity of 3-D additional stress of rockmass in the back of shaft wall with the advance of working face. The result indicates that the rock mass in the back of the upper part of shaft wall has undergone verticlal.And the properties and amplitude of stress of rock mass in the back of shaft wall at the bottom are related with layout of working face, mining sequence, and distance of the working face to shaft.
2000, 8(3): 324-333.
In this paper, taking the super large Yushenfu Mine Aera the great coalfield in West China, as an example, the author analyze major environmental engineering geological problems involved in the coal resource exploitation from the environmental engineering geological aspects. The integrated geological environmental quality of the area is evaluated,the variation caused by the mining action are predicted. The obtained results are of great significance to guide directly to the macroscopic decision making and designing and planning reasonable exploitation of the coalfield.
In this paper, taking the super large Yushenfu Mine Aera the great coalfield in West China, as an example, the author analyze major environmental engineering geological problems involved in the coal resource exploitation from the environmental engineering geological aspects. The integrated geological environmental quality of the area is evaluated,the variation caused by the mining action are predicted. The obtained results are of great significance to guide directly to the macroscopic decision making and designing and planning reasonable exploitation of the coalfield.
2000, 8(3): 334-336.
Wujiazhuang Reservoir is located in Licheng County of Shanxi Province. It was designed to be constructed on Zhuozhang River confluent of the southwest basin and north basin. Its total capacity is 360 mullion cubic meters and will be a large-scale hydroelectric project. The bedrocks at the dam site are hard quartz sandstone of Chuanlinggou Formation of Sinian system and the Cambrian and Ordovician carbonate rocks. Cover more than 50% of the total reservoir area. The karstic leakage is a most significant engineering geological problem. It can directly affect the reservoir site and the feasibility of project. This paper presents a corresponding analysis and an evaluation of the condition and then a recommendation of the rexervoir sizes and capacity.
Wujiazhuang Reservoir is located in Licheng County of Shanxi Province. It was designed to be constructed on Zhuozhang River confluent of the southwest basin and north basin. Its total capacity is 360 mullion cubic meters and will be a large-scale hydroelectric project. The bedrocks at the dam site are hard quartz sandstone of Chuanlinggou Formation of Sinian system and the Cambrian and Ordovician carbonate rocks. Cover more than 50% of the total reservoir area. The karstic leakage is a most significant engineering geological problem. It can directly affect the reservoir site and the feasibility of project. This paper presents a corresponding analysis and an evaluation of the condition and then a recommendation of the rexervoir sizes and capacity.
2000, 8(3): 337-340.
In this paper, a mathematical background for analytic element method and its application condition are discussed, and the software GFLOW is introduced, the advantages of the analytic element method over the finite difference method and finite element methods are discussed. Finally, the method is used in calculation of variation of seepage field of water from weathering cracks in crystalline rocks.
In this paper, a mathematical background for analytic element method and its application condition are discussed, and the software GFLOW is introduced, the advantages of the analytic element method over the finite difference method and finite element methods are discussed. Finally, the method is used in calculation of variation of seepage field of water from weathering cracks in crystalline rocks.
2000, 8(3): 341-344.
Based on nonlinear mechanism of mining subsidence, this paper investigates and presents new problems in mining subsidencethe fractal distribution in rock fracture and its evolution regularity. This paper prospects the theory and engineer value in studying mining subsidence and it developing direction.
Based on nonlinear mechanism of mining subsidence, this paper investigates and presents new problems in mining subsidencethe fractal distribution in rock fracture and its evolution regularity. This paper prospects the theory and engineer value in studying mining subsidence and it developing direction.
2000, 8(3): 345-350.
This paper introduces the recent development of waste sanitary landfill in foreign countries in four respects, including barrier floors (indigenous and artificial), covering system (caps), vertical barrier walls, and geomembrane applications.
This paper introduces the recent development of waste sanitary landfill in foreign countries in four respects, including barrier floors (indigenous and artificial), covering system (caps), vertical barrier walls, and geomembrane applications.
2000, 8(3): 351-356.
Some problems of determinnation of rock quality designation(RQD) in rock engineering classification is discussed, and a rational approach is studied.Classification are discussed, and a rational approach to correct choosing RQD values is studied.
Some problems of determinnation of rock quality designation(RQD) in rock engineering classification is discussed, and a rational approach is studied.Classification are discussed, and a rational approach to correct choosing RQD values is studied.
2000, 8(3): 357-360.
The reasonable number of samples depends on the properties of soil, characteristic of indexes, quality of samples, and requirements for the engineering project. On the basis of analysis of variation of physical and mechanical indexes of each major soil layer in coastal plain, the reasonable number of samples for geotechnical engineering prospecting is suggested in the light of different physical mechanical indexes of different soil layers by using probability statistical method.
The reasonable number of samples depends on the properties of soil, characteristic of indexes, quality of samples, and requirements for the engineering project. On the basis of analysis of variation of physical and mechanical indexes of each major soil layer in coastal plain, the reasonable number of samples for geotechnical engineering prospecting is suggested in the light of different physical mechanical indexes of different soil layers by using probability statistical method.
2000, 8(3): 361-363.
A detection perpormed in the shaft of coal mine demonstrats that GPR is a most effective geophysical exploration tool for detecting the faults in coal mine.
A detection perpormed in the shaft of coal mine demonstrats that GPR is a most effective geophysical exploration tool for detecting the faults in coal mine.
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